Zamani Mohammad, Pahlavani Naseh, Nikbaf-Shandiz Mahlagha, Rasaei Niloufar, Ghaffarian-Ensaf Rasool, Asbaghi Omid, Shiraseb Farideh, Rastgoo Samira
Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat-e Heydariyeh, Iran.
Front Nutr. 2023 Jan 10;9:1082097. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1082097. eCollection 2022.
Hyperglycemia and insulin resistance are concerns today worldwide. Recently, L-carnitine supplementation has been suggested as an effective adjunctive therapy in glycemic control. Therefore, it seems important to investigate its effect on glycemic markers.
PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane databases were searched in October 2022 for prospective studies on the effects of L-carnitine supplementation on glycemic markers. Inclusion criteria included adult participants and taking oral L-carnitine supplements for at least seven days. The pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) was calculated using a random-effects model.
We included the 41 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) ( = 2900) with 44 effect sizes in this study. In the pooled analysis; L-carnitine supplementation had a significant effect on fasting blood glucose (FBG) (mg/dl) [WMD = -3.22 mg/dl; 95% CI, -5.21 to -1.23; = 0.002; = 88.6%, < 0.001], hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (%) [WMD = -0.27%; 95% CI, -0.47 to -0.07; = 0.007; = 90.1%, < 0.001] and homeostasis model assessment-estimate insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) [WMD = -0.73; 95% CI, -1.21 to -0.25; = 0.003; = 98.2%, < 0.001] in the intervention compared to the control group. L-carnitine supplementation had a reducing effect on baseline FBG ≥100 mg/dl, trial duration ≥12 weeks, intervention dose ≥2 g/day, participants with overweight and obesity (baseline BMI 25-29.9 and >30 kg/m), and diabetic patients. Also, L-carnitine significantly affected insulin (pmol/l), HOMA-IR (%), and HbA1c (%) in trial duration ≥12 weeks, intervention dose ≥2 g/day, and participants with obesity (baseline BMI >30 kg/m). It also had a reducing effect on HOMA-IR in diabetic patients, non-diabetic patients, and just diabetic patients for insulin, and HbA1c. There was a significant nonlinear relationship between the duration of intervention and changes in FBG, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR. In addition, there was a significant nonlinear relationship between dose (≥2 g/day) and changes in insulin, as well as a significant linear relationship between the duration (weeks) (coefficients = -16.45, = 0.004) of intervention and changes in HbA1C.
L-carnitine could reduce the levels of FBG, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR.
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42022358692.
高血糖和胰岛素抵抗是当今全球关注的问题。最近，有人提出补充左旋肉碱是血糖控制的一种有效辅助疗法。因此，研究其对血糖指标的影响似乎很重要。
2022年10月，在PubMed、Scopus、科学网和Cochrane数据库中检索关于补充左旋肉碱对血糖指标影响的前瞻性研究。纳入标准包括成年参与者以及口服左旋肉碱补充剂至少7天。使用随机效应模型计算合并加权平均差（WMD）。
本研究纳入了41项随机对照试验（RCT）（n = 2900），有44个效应量。在汇总分析中，与对照组相比，补充左旋肉碱对空腹血糖（FBG）（mg/dl）[WMD = -3.22 mg/dl；95%置信区间，-5.21至-1.23；P = 0.002；I² = 88.6%，P < 0.001]、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）（%）[WMD = -0.27%；95%置信区间，-0.47至-0.07；P = 0.007；I² = 90.1%，P < 0.001]和稳态模型评估-胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）[WMD = -0.73；95%置信区间，-1.21至-0.
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