纽约州各县的 COVID-19 病例与疫苗接种率之间的关系。

Relationship between COVID-19 cases and vaccination rates in New York State counties.

出版信息

Ann Fam Med. 2022 Apr 1;20(20 Suppl 1):3134. doi: 10.1370/afm.20.s1.3134.

DOI:10.1370/afm.20.s1.3134

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10549095/

Abstract

Context: The presence of new viral variants, in combination with the relaxation of social distancing and other preventative measures, has led to a spike in COVID-19 cases in the United States. The development of COVID-19 vaccinations may reduce the impact of these viral variants on case rates in the population. Objective: To determine the impact of COVID-19 vaccination rates on cases/100k population in each New York State (NYS) county. Study Design: Cross-sectional analysis of COVID-19 cases/100k population per NYS county, frozen at a single snapshot in time. Descriptive statistics and bivariate correlations were conducted to determine vaccination rates across 62 NYS counties, and linear regression was used to examine the effect of vaccination rates on cases/100k, controlling for size of county population. Dataset & Setting: Vaccination rates per county shared by the NYS Department of Health using data reported to the NYS Immunization Information System and the New York City Citywide Immunization Registry. COVID-19 case rates per county available through the John Hopkins University website. Population: NYS residents across 62 counties on March 31st, 2021. Outcome Measures: COVID-19 vaccination rates across counties at a single point in time were compared with cases/100k population. Results: Percentages with 1 dose and with 2 doses are highly correlated (r=.935, p<.001) with one another, and county population size was strongly correlated with cases per 100k (r=.715, p<.001). Both the 1 dose and 2 dose rates were negatively correlated with cases per 100k population, although not significantly. However, the two-dose vaccination rate was a significant negative predictor of cases per 100k population in NYS Counties (β= -.866, p=.031), with each percentage point of completed vaccination nearly equating to one case less in the daily count, when controlling for county population size (β =2.732, p<.001). Conclusion: While COVID-19 variants may impact vaccine effectiveness, current vaccination efforts are helping forestall some cases in NYS. Widespread vaccination is still an important goal. Primary care providers, public officials, and public health scientists should continue to urgently promote and support vaccination efforts.

摘要

背景

新的病毒变种的出现，加上社交距离和其他预防措施的放松，导致美国 COVID-19 病例激增。COVID-19 疫苗的开发可能会降低这些病毒变种对人群中病例率的影响。

目的

确定纽约州（NYS）每个县的 COVID-19 疫苗接种率对每 10 万人中的病例数的影响。

研究设计

对 NYS 各县每 10 万人中的 COVID-19 病例数进行横断面分析，在时间上冻结在一个单一的快照上。进行描述性统计和双变量相关性分析，以确定 62 个 NYS 县的疫苗接种率，并使用线性回归来检查疫苗接种率对每 10 万人中的病例数的影响，同时控制县人口规模。

数据集和设置

纽约州卫生部门共享的每县疫苗接种率，使用向纽约州免疫信息系统和纽约市全市免疫登记处报告的数据。通过约翰霍普金斯大学网站可获得各县的 COVID-19 病例率。

人群

2021 年 3 月 31 日，纽约州 62 个县的居民。

结局测量

在时间上的单一时间点比较各县的 COVID-19 疫苗接种率与每 10 万人中的病例数。

结果

一剂和两剂的百分比高度相关（r=.935，p<.001），县人口规模与每 10 万人中的病例数也高度相关（r=.715，p<.001）。一剂和两剂的疫苗接种率都与每 10 万人中的病例数呈负相关，但没有统计学意义。然而，两剂疫苗接种率是纽约州各县每 10 万人中的病例数的一个显著负预测因子（β= -.866，p=.031），在控制县人口规模的情况下，每增加一个百分点的完全接种率，每日计数中的病例数就会减少近一个（β=2.732，p<.001）。