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体外肠道微生物群对碳水化合物补充的反应会受到饮食突然变化的急性影响。

In vitro gut microbiome response to carbohydrate supplementation is acutely affected by a sudden change in diet.

机构信息

Soldier Effectiveness Directorate (SED), U.S. Army DEVCOM Soldier Center, Natick, MA, USA.

Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM), Natick, MA, USA.

出版信息

BMC Microbiol. 2023 Jan 28;23(1):32. doi: 10.1186/s12866-023-02776-2.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Interactions between diet, stress and the gut microbiome are of interest as a means to modulate health and performance. Here, in vitro fermentation was used to explore the effects of a sudden change in diet, 21 days sole sustenance on the Meal, Ready-to-Eat (MRE) U.S. military combat ration, on inter-species competition and functional potential of the human gut microbiota. Human fecal samples collected before and after MRE intervention or consuming a habitual diet (HAB) were introduced to nutrient-rich media supplemented with starch for in vitro fermentation under ascending colon conditions. 16S rRNA amplicon and Whole-metagenome sequencing (WMS) were used to measure community composition and functional potential. Specific statistical analyses were implemented to detect changes in relative abundance from taxa, genes and pathways.

RESULTS

Differential changes in relative abundance of 11 taxa, Dorea, Lachnospira, Bacteroides fragilis, Akkermansia muciniphila, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Betaproteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, Bacteroides egerthii, Ruminococcus bromii, Prevotella, and Slackia, and nine Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes, specifically GH13_14, over the 24 h fermentation were observed as a function of the diet intervention and correlated to specific taxa of interest.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings suggest that consuming MRE for 21 days acutely effects changes in gut microbiota structure in response to carbohydrate but may induce alterations in metabolic capacity. Additionally, these findings demonstrate the potential of starch as a candidate supplemental strategy to functionally modulate specific gut commensals during stress-induced states.

摘要

背景

饮食、压力和肠道微生物组之间的相互作用是一种调节健康和性能的方式,引起了人们的关注。在这里,我们通过体外发酵的方法,探索了饮食的突然变化(仅 21 天食用美军即食口粮 Meal, Ready-to-Eat [MRE])对人类肠道微生物群的种间竞争和功能潜力的影响。在 MRE 干预或食用习惯性饮食(HAB)之前和之后收集的人类粪便样本,被引入到富含营养的培养基中,该培养基用淀粉补充,并在上升结肠条件下进行体外发酵。我们使用 16S rRNA 扩增子和全宏基因组测序(WMS)来测量群落组成和功能潜力。实施了特定的统计分析来检测从分类群、基因和途径的相对丰度的变化。

结果

在 24 小时的发酵过程中,11 个分类群的相对丰度发生了差异变化,包括 Dorea、Lachnospira、Bacteroides fragilis、Akkermansia muciniphila、Bifidobacterium adolescentis、Betaproteobacteria、Enterobacteriaceae、Bacteroides egerthii、Ruminococcus bromii、Prevotella 和 Slackia,以及 9 种碳水化合物活性酶,特别是 GH13_14,这些变化是饮食干预的函数,并与感兴趣的特定分类群相关。

结论

这些发现表明,连续 21 天食用 MRE 会急性影响肠道微生物组结构的变化,以响应碳水化合物,但可能会引起代谢能力的改变。此外,这些发现表明淀粉作为一种候选补充策略,具有在应激诱导状态下功能性调节特定肠道共生菌的潜力。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd8d/9883884/0fbbe5ad378e/12866_2023_2776_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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