HSE Addiction Service, Dublin, Ireland.
Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Addiction. 2023 Jun;118(6):1177-1181. doi: 10.1111/add.16145. Epub 2023 Feb 13.
People who inject drugs (PWID) have a substantial risk of acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. From 1999 to 2000 in Ireland, there were 115 new HIV cases among PWID, 40% in individuals aged under 22 years. However, over the past two decades, HIV incidence has declined among PWID in western Europe, including Ireland. We investigated secular changes in HIV incidence among PWID in Ireland. Also, new HIV cases in two time-periods 2000-09 and 2010-18 were compared by sex, age group, area of residence and country of birth.
Longitudinal observational study in the Republic of Ireland, 2000-18.
A total of 753 new cases of HIV in PWID were diagnosed. Diagnosis rates of HIV in PWID were calculated and changes in rates over the period were modelled.
During the period 2000-18, HIV incidence among 15-29-year-old PWID in Ireland declined from 5.69 to 0.11 cases per 100 000, equivalent to a yearly decline of 0.22 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.14-0.31, P < 0.001] cases per 100 000. Among PWID aged 30-64 years, HIV incidence declined annually by 0.06 (95% CI = 0.02-0.10, P = 0.007) cases per 100 000 from 1.80 to 0.57 cases per 100 000. Comparing 2000-09 to 2010-18, there was a relative increase in HIV cases among older adults (P < 0.001), and those born outside Ireland accounted for a growing minority of cases (from 14.7 to 28.0%, P < 0.001). Changes by sex (P = 0.10) and area residence (P = 0.39) were not statistically significant.
Since 2000, Ireland has achieved an ongoing reduction in the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus among PWID, and this is most evident among young adults. The reduction has occurred in the context of a reasonably comprehensive, health-led and harm reduction-orientated national drugs strategy.
注射毒品者（PWID）感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的风险很大。1999 年至 2000 年期间，爱尔兰有 115 例新的 HIV 病例，其中 40%发生在 22 岁以下的个体中。然而，在过去的二十年中，包括爱尔兰在内的西欧，PWID 的 HIV 发病率有所下降。我们研究了爱尔兰 PWID 中 HIV 发病率的季节性变化。还比较了 2000-09 年和 2010-18 年两个时间段的新 HIV 病例，比较因素包括性别、年龄组、居住地区和出生国。
爱尔兰共和国的纵向观察研究，2000-18 年。
共诊断出 753 例新的 HIV 感染 PWID。计算了 PWID 中 HIV 的诊断率，并对该期间的率变化进行了建模。
在 2000-18 年期间，爱尔兰 15-29 岁 PWID 的 HIV 发病率从 5.69 降至 0.11 例/100000，相当于每年下降 0.22 [95%置信区间（CI）= 0.14-0.31，P <0.001]例/100000。对于 30-64 岁的 PWID，HIV 发病率每年下降 0.06（95%CI= 0.02-0.10，P=0.007），从 1.80 降至 0.57 例/100000。与 2000-09 年相比，2010-18 年年龄较大的成年人 HIV 病例相对增加（P<0.001），出生在爱尔兰以外的人占病例的比例不断增加（从 14.7%增至 28.0%，P<0.001）。性别（P=0.10）和地区居住（P=0.39）的变化没有统计学意义。
自 2000 年以来，爱尔兰 PWID 中的 HIV 发病率持续下降，这在年轻人中最为明显。在合理全面、以健康为导向和以减少伤害为重点的国家毒品战略背景下，这一降幅已经出现。
