Toghanian Reyhaneh, Ghasemi Saeed, Hosseini Meimanat, Nasiri Malihe
Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2022 Nov 18;27(6):587-592. doi: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_430_21. eCollection 2022 Nov-Dec.
Protective behaviors play a key role in reducing the incidence of COVID-19 in HealthCare Workers (HCWs), and these behaviors are related to other factors. These related factors have not been comprehensively evaluated and determined in the literature. This study aimed to determine protection behaviors against COVID-19 and their related factors using the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) among HCWs of hospitals in Tehran, Iran, in 2021.
For this cross-sectional study, 270 HCWs of different wards in 3 hospitals in Tehran, Iran, were selected through multistage sampling (April to July 2021). The participants completed a self-reporting questionnaire which consisted of a demographic characteristics form and questions about protective behaviors against COVID-19 and other constructs of the PMT (60 items). Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential methods.
The mean score of the protective behaviors of the HCWs was 4.20 (SD = 0.56) and was significantly higher in the nurses, women, married individuals, and those with a BSc degree compared with others ( < 0.05). Furthermore, the results of multiple regression analysis showed that protection behavior among HCWs could be strongly predicted by the type of profession, protection motivation/intention, and self-efficacy constructs (F = 16.34, < 0.001).
The protection behaviors of HCWs against COVID-19 were relatively desirable and these behaviors were related to and predicted by various factors. These results could apply to developing plans for protective behaviors against COVID-19 and possibly other infectious diseases among HCWs. Further research in this regard is recommended.
防护行为在降低医护人员感染新冠病毒疾病（COVID-19）的发生率方面起着关键作用，且这些行为与其他因素相关。这些相关因素在文献中尚未得到全面评估和确定。本研究旨在运用保护动机理论（PMT），于2021年确定伊朗德黑兰医院医护人员针对COVID-19的防护行为及其相关因素。
对于这项横断面研究，通过多阶段抽样选取了伊朗德黑兰3家医院不同病房的270名医护人员（2021年4月至7月）。参与者完成了一份自我报告问卷，该问卷包括一份人口统计学特征表格以及关于针对COVID-19的防护行为和PMT其他构念的问题（共60项）。使用描述性和推断性方法进行数据分析。
医护人员防护行为的平均得分为4.20（标准差 = 0.56），护士、女性、已婚人员以及拥有理学学士学位的人员的得分显著高于其他人（P < 0.05）。此外，多元回归分析结果显示，医护人员的防护行为可由职业类型、保护动机/意图和自我效能构念进行有力预测（F = 16.34，P < 0.001）。
医护人员针对COVID-19的防护行为相对理想，且这些行为与多种因素相关并可由其预测。这些结果可应用于制定医护人员针对COVID-19以及可能的其他传染病的防护行为计划。建议在这方面进行进一步研究。
