Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 29;17(19):7149. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197149.
Healthcare workers (HCWs) worldwide are putting themselves at high risks of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by treating a large number of patients while lacking protective equipment. We aim to provide a scientific basis for preventing and controlling the COVID-19 infection among HCWs. We used data on COVID-19 cases in the city of Wuhan to compare epidemiological characteristics between HCWs and non-HCWs and explored the risk factors for infection and deterioration among HCWs based on hospital settings. The attack rate (AR) of HCWs in the hospital can reach up to 11.9% in Wuhan. The time interval from symptom onset to diagnosis in HCWs and non-HCWs dropped rapidly over time. From mid-January, the median time interval of HCW cases was significantly shorter than in non-HCW cases. Cases of HCWs and non-HCWs both clustered in northwestern urban districts rather than in rural districts. HCWs working in county-level hospitals in high-risk areas were more vulnerable to COVID-19. HCW cases working in general, ophthalmology, and respiratory departments were prone to deteriorate compared with cases working in the infection department. The AR of COVID-19 in HCWs are higher than in non-HCWs. Multiple factors in hospital settings may play important roles in the transmission of COVID-19. Effective measures should be enhanced to prevent HCWs from COVID-19 infection.
医护人员（HCWs）在治疗大量患者的同时缺乏防护设备，使自己面临着 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的高风险。我们旨在为预防和控制 COVID-19 感染提供科学依据。我们使用了武汉市 COVID-19 病例的数据，比较了医护人员和非医护人员的流行病学特征，并根据医院环境探讨了医护人员感染和恶化的危险因素。在武汉，医护人员在医院的发病率（AR）可高达 11.9%。医护人员和非医护人员从症状出现到诊断的时间间隔随着时间的推移迅速下降。从 1 月中旬开始，医护人员病例的中位数时间间隔明显短于非医护人员病例。医护人员和非医护人员的病例都集中在西北城区，而不是农村地区。在高风险地区县级医院工作的医护人员更容易受到 COVID-19 的影响。与感染科病例相比，在一般、眼科和呼吸科工作的医护人员病例更容易恶化。COVID-19 在医护人员中的发病率（AR）高于非医护人员。医院环境中的多种因素可能在 COVID-19 的传播中起重要作用。应加强有效措施，防止医护人员感染 COVID-19。
