Alhassan M, Jalil A A, Bahari M B, Owgi A H K, Nabgan W, Hassan N S, Tran T V, Abdulrasheed A A, Hamid M Y S, Ikram M, Firmansyah M L, Holilah H, Sholejah N A
School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
Department of Chemistry, Sokoto State University PMB 2134, Airport Road Sokoto Nigeria.
RSC Adv. 2023 Jan 9;13(3):1711-1726. doi: 10.1039/d2ra06773k. eCollection 2023 Jan 6.
Environmental pollution, climate change, and fossil fuel extinction have aroused serious global interest in the search for alternative energy sources. The dry reforming of methane (DRM) could be a good technique to harness syngas, a starting material for the FT energy process from greenhouse gases. Noble metal DRM catalysts are effective for the syngas generation but costly. Therefore, they inevitably, must be replaced by their Ni-based contemporaries for economic reasons. However, coking remains a strong challenge that impedes the industrialization of the FT process. This article explains the secondary reactions that lead to the production of detrimental graphitic coke deposition on the surface of active nickel catalyst. The influence of nickel particle size, impact of extra surface oxygen species, interaction of Ni catalysts with metal oxide supports/promoters, and larger fraction of exposed nickel active sites were addressed in this review. Size of active metal determines the conversion, surface area, metal dispersion, surface reactions, interior diffusion effects, activity, and yield. The influence of oxygen vacancy and coke deposition on highly reported metal oxide supports/promoters (AlO, MgO and LaO) was postulated after studying CIFs (crystallographic information files) obtained from the Crystallography open database (COD) on VESTA software. Thus, overcoming excessive coking by LaO promotion is strongly advised in light of the orientation of the crystal lattice characteristics and the metal-support interaction can be used to enhance activity and stability in hydrogen reforming systems.
环境污染、气候变化和化石燃料枯竭引发了全球对寻找替代能源的高度关注。甲烷干重整（DRM）可能是一种利用合成气的良好技术，合成气是费托能源过程中从温室气体制取的起始原料。贵金属DRM催化剂对合成气的生成有效，但成本高昂。因此，出于经济原因，它们不可避免地必须被镍基催化剂所取代。然而，积炭仍然是阻碍费托工艺工业化的一大严峻挑战。本文解释了导致在活性镍催化剂表面产生有害石墨状焦炭沉积的二次反应。本综述探讨了镍颗粒尺寸的影响、额外表面氧物种的作用、镍催化剂与金属氧化物载体/助剂的相互作用以及更大比例的暴露镍活性位点。活性金属的尺寸决定了转化率、表面积、金属分散度、表面反应、内部扩散效应、活性和产率。在通过VESTA软件从晶体学开放数据库（COD）获取的晶体学信息文件（CIF）研究之后，推测了氧空位和焦炭沉积对大量报道的金属氧化物载体/助剂（AlO、MgO和LaO）的影响。因此，鉴于晶格特征的取向，强烈建议通过LaO促进来克服过度积炭，并且金属-载体相互作用可用于提高氢重整系统的活性和稳定性。
