Barman Utpal, Pathak Chhandanee, Mazumder Nirmal Kumar
Department of CSE, The Assam Kaziranga University, Jorhat, Assam India.
Department of CSE, GIMT, Guwahati, Assam India.
Multimed Tools Appl. 2023 Jan 25:1-23. doi: 10.1007/s11042-023-14369-2.
Coconut cultivation is a promising agricultural activity. But to keep the coconut plants pest-free, the detection of various pest damage in coconut plants is of utmost importance for the cultivators. The processes that the cultivators use to detect pest damage in coconut plants are conventional methods, experts' views, or some laboratory techniques. But these procedures are not adequate in the detection of coconut damage identification. In this study, 16 different color and texture features are reported for 1265 coconut pest damage images by extracting the color and texture features of the damage images in the color and grey domain after the damage segmentation using the thresholding technique. The Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and Gray Level Run Length Matrix (GLRLM) techniques are applied to extract the texture features of the damages and two Artificial Neural Network (ANN) architectures are reported to classify the extracted data features of the damages into 5 different classes such as Eriophyid_Mite, Rhinoceros_Beetle, Red_Palm_Weevil, Rugose_Spiraling_White_fly, and Rugose_in_Mature with an average testing accuracy of almost 100% respectively. To compare the results with the other machine learning techniques, the Support Vector Machine(SVM), Decision Tree (DT), and Naïve Bayes (NB) are also introduced for damage identification where the SVM methods also report almost 100% accuracy on the fuse features of GLCM and GLRLM. The results of the ANN and SVM are compared by finding the confusion matrix, precision, recall, and f-1 score of the ANN model with the DT and NB classifier. The ANN and SVM outperform in all matrices and they can be used as the base model for further study of coconut pest damage identification using deep learning techniques.
椰子种植是一项很有前景的农业活动。但是为了使椰子树免受虫害,对种植者来说,检测椰子树的各种虫害损害至关重要。种植者用于检测椰子树虫害损害的过程是传统方法、专家意见或一些实验室技术。但这些程序在椰子损害识别检测中并不充分。在本研究中,通过使用阈值技术对损害图像进行分割后,在颜色和灰度域中提取损害图像的颜色和纹理特征,报告了1265张椰子虫害损害图像的16种不同颜色和纹理特征。应用灰度共生矩阵(GLCM)和灰度游程长度矩阵(GLRLM)技术提取损害的纹理特征,并报告了两种人工神经网络(ANN)架构,将提取的损害数据特征分为5个不同类别,如叶螨、犀角甲虫、红棕象甲、皱纹螺旋粉虱和成熟叶皱纹,平均测试准确率分别接近100%。为了将结果与其他机器学习技术进行比较,还引入了支持向量机(SVM)、决策树(DT)和朴素贝叶斯(NB)进行损害识别,其中SVM方法在GLCM和GLRLM的融合特征上也报告了近100%的准确率。通过找到ANN模型与DT和NB分类器的混淆矩阵、精确率、召回率和f-1分数,对ANN和SVM的结果进行比较。ANN和SVM在所有矩阵中表现优异,它们可作为使用深度学习技术进一步研究椰子虫害损害识别的基础模型。