Badekar Amol, Rajalu Banu Manickam, Muliyala Krishna Prasad, Sharma Priyamvada, Chand Prabhat Kumar, Murthy Pratima
Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Department of Nursing, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Indian J Psychiatry. 2022 Nov-Dec;64(6):572-578. doi: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_405_22. Epub 2022 Nov 30.
Rates of smoking in persons with mental illness are reported to be two times higher than those without mental illness in developed countries. We aimed to examine the prevalence and severity of tobacco use, and access to tobacco cessation services among tertiary care psychiatric in-patients in India.
In this cross-sectional study, 500 consecutive adult in-patients in tertiary care with ICD 10 diagnoses, F20-59, were administered a sociodemographic and clinical proforma, Clinical Global Impression-Severity scale, Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, Tobacco Craving Questionnaire, Reasons for quitting questionnaire, and Smoke Scale-Adults. Urine cotinine levels were estimated in the last 100 patients. Details of tobacco use and cessation interventions provided were obtained.
Overall prevalence of current tobacco use was 34.00%; 34.3%, 32.6%, 43.6%, and 16.7% in patients of F20-29, F30-39, F40-49, and F50-59 categories, respectively. Males used tobacco products at a significantly higher rate (44.85% vs. 17.58% in females) and were highly dependent. Smokeless tobacco use was reported in 20.5% and 18% of female patients with F20-29 and F30-39 diagnoses, respectively. More than half of the tobacco users were not asked about tobacco use and 89.4% of the users were provided no prior assistance for cessation at the time of assessment. Urinary cotinine levels were significantly greater for those who use smokeless forms than smokers or dual users.
Nearly a third of psychiatric in-patients are current users of tobacco. Moderate to severe tobacco dependence was observed across psychiatric diagnoses. The assessment and interventions provided were suboptimal.
据报道，在发达国家，患有精神疾病的人群吸烟率比没有精神疾病的人群高出两倍。我们旨在调查印度三级护理精神病住院患者中烟草使用的患病率和严重程度，以及获得戒烟服务的情况。
在这项横断面研究中，对500名连续入住三级护理机构且ICD 10诊断为F20 - 59的成年住院患者进行了社会人口统计学和临床情况表、临床总体印象 - 严重程度量表、尼古丁依赖的Fagerstrom测试、烟草渴望问卷、戒烟原因问卷以及成人吸烟量表的评估。对最后100名患者进行了尿可替宁水平测定。获取了烟草使用和提供的戒烟干预措施的详细信息。
当前烟草使用的总体患病率为34.00%；F20 - 29、F30 - 39、F40 - 49和F50 - 59类别的患者中分别为34.3%、32.6%、43.6%和16.7%。男性使用烟草产品的比例显著更高（44.85%对女性的17.58%）且依赖性更强。在诊断为F20 - 29和F30 - 39的女性患者中，分别有20.5%和18%报告使用无烟烟草。超过一半的烟草使用者未被询问过烟草使用情况，在评估时，89.4%的使用者未得到过任何戒烟方面的事先帮助。使用无烟烟草者的尿可替宁水平显著高于吸烟者或同时使用两种烟草者。
近三分之一的精神病住院患者目前使用烟草。在所有精神疾病诊断中均观察到中度至重度烟草依赖。所提供的评估和干预措施并不理想。
