Wang Carolyn J, Noble Peter B, Elliot John G, James Alan L, Wang Kimberley C W
School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.
Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Compr Physiol. 2023 Jan 30;13(1):4321-4353. doi: 10.1002/cphy.c220011.
This article provides a contemporary report on the role of adipose tissue in respiratory dysfunction. Adipose tissue is distributed throughout the body, accumulating beneath the skin (subcutaneous), around organs (visceral), and importantly in the context of respiratory disease, has recently been shown to accumulate within the airway wall: "airway-associated adipose tissue." Excessive adipose tissue deposition compromises respiratory function and increases the severity of diseases such as asthma. The mechanisms of respiratory impairment are inflammatory, structural, and mechanical in nature, vary depending on the anatomical site of deposition and adipose tissue subtype, and likely contribute to different phenotypes of comorbid asthma-obesity. An understanding of adipose tissue-driven pathophysiology provides an opportunity for diagnostic advancement and patient-specific treatment. As an exemplar, the potential impact of airway-associated adipose tissue is highlighted, and how this may change the management of a patient with asthma who is also obese. © 2023 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 13:4321-4353, 2023.
本文提供了关于脂肪组织在呼吸功能障碍中作用的当代报告。脂肪组织分布于全身，积聚在皮肤下方（皮下）、器官周围（内脏），重要的是，在呼吸系统疾病的背景下，最近已证明其会在气道壁内积聚，即“气道相关脂肪组织”。过多的脂肪组织沉积会损害呼吸功能，并增加哮喘等疾病的严重程度。呼吸功能受损的机制本质上是炎症性、结构性和机械性的，因沉积的解剖部位和脂肪组织亚型而异，可能导致哮喘合并肥胖的不同表型。了解脂肪组织驱动的病理生理学为诊断进展和针对患者的治疗提供了机会。作为一个范例，强调了气道相关脂肪组织的潜在影响，以及这可能如何改变同时患有哮喘和肥胖症患者的管理。© 2023美国生理学会。综合生理学13:4321 - 4353, 2023。
