味觉/嗅觉障碍对晚期癌症患者饮食摄入及恶病质相关生活质量的影响
Impact of taste/smell disturbances on dietary intakes and cachexia-related quality of life in patients with advanced cancer.
作者信息
Amano Koji, Morita Tatsuya, Miura Tomofumi, Mori Naoharu, Tatara Ryohei, Kessoku Takaomi, Matsuda Yoshinobu, Tagami Keita, Mori Masanori, Taniyama Tomohiko, Nakajima Nobuhisa, Nakanishi Erika, Kako Jun, Shirado Akemi Naito, Yokomichi Naosuke, Miyashita Mitsunori
机构信息
Department of Palliative and Supportive Care, St. Mary's Hospital, 422 Tsubukuhonmachi, Kurume City, Fukuoka, 830-8543, Japan.
Department of Palliative Care Team and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan.
出版信息
Support Care Cancer. 2023 Jan 30;31(2):141. doi: 10.1007/s00520-023-07598-6.
PURPOSE
Taste and smell are used to enjoy meals; however, impairments of these sensory perceptions seriously impact health and eating habits. This study is aimed at investigating the impact of taste and smell disturbances on dietary intakes and cachexia-related quality of life (QOL) in patients with advanced cancer.
METHODS
Using a self-report questionnaire, we surveyed patients with advanced cancer undergoing treatment at 11 palliative care centers. Multivariate analyses were conducted to explore the impact of taste and smell disturbances on dietary intakes and cachexia-related QOL. Dietary intakes were assessed using the Ingesta-Verbal/Visual Analog Scale, while taste and smell disturbances were assessed using an 11-point Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Cachexia-related QOL was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Anorexia/Cachexia Therapy Anorexia Cachexia Subscale (FAACT ACS).
RESULTS
Overall, 378 patients provided consent to participate. After excluding patients with missing data, data were analyzed for 343 patients. Among them, 35.6% (n = 122; 95% [confidence interval (CI)] 0.28-0.38) and 20.9% (n = 72; 95% CI 0.17-0.25) experienced disturbances in taste (NRS ≥ 1) and smell (NRS ≥ 1), respectively. Multivariate analyses revealed that, independent of performance status and cancer cachexia, taste and smell disturbances were significantly associated with worse dietary intakes and deteriorating FAACT ACS scores.
CONCLUSION
More severe taste and smell disturbances were associated with poorer dietary intakes and cachexia-related QOL. Diagnosing and treating such disturbances may improve dietary intakes and cachexia-related QOL, regardless of performance status and cachexia.
目的
味觉和嗅觉用于享受美食；然而，这些感官知觉的损害会严重影响健康和饮食习惯。本研究旨在调查味觉和嗅觉障碍对晚期癌症患者饮食摄入及恶病质相关生活质量（QOL）的影响。
方法
我们使用一份自我报告问卷，对11家姑息治疗中心正在接受治疗的晚期癌症患者进行了调查。进行多变量分析以探究味觉和嗅觉障碍对饮食摄入及恶病质相关QOL的影响。饮食摄入使用摄入-言语/视觉模拟量表进行评估，而味觉和嗅觉障碍使用11点数字评定量表（NRS）进行评估。恶病质相关QOL使用厌食/恶病质治疗功能评估厌食恶病质子量表（FAACT ACS）进行评估。
结果
总体而言，378名患者同意参与。在排除数据缺失的患者后，对343名患者的数据进行了分析。其中，分别有35.6%（n = 122；95%[置信区间（CI）]0.28 - 0.38）和20.9%（n = 72；95% CI 0.17 - 0.25）的患者经历了味觉（NRS≥1）和嗅觉（NRS≥1）障碍。多变量分析显示，独立于体能状态和癌症恶病质，味觉和嗅觉障碍与较差的饮食摄入及FAACT ACS评分恶化显著相关。
结论
更严重的味觉和嗅觉障碍与较差的饮食摄入及恶病质相关QOL有关。诊断和治疗此类障碍可能会改善饮食摄入及恶病质相关QOL，无论体能状态和恶病质如何。
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