Cheal Beth, Bundy Anita, Patomella Ann-Helen, Kuang Haijiang, Scanlan Justin Newton
Beth Cheal, PhD, is Lecturer, Occupational Therapy Program, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. At the time of the research, Cheal was PhD Student, Occupational Therapy, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;
Anita Bundy, ScD, is Professor and Head, Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, and Honorary Professor, Occupational Therapy, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Am J Occup Ther. 2023 Jan 1;77(1). doi: 10.5014/ajot.2023.050048.
Occupational therapists require valid cognitive fitness-to-drive tools to advise drivers in this high-stakes area.
To examine the psychometric properties and predictive validity of data gathered with the touchscreen DriveSafe DriveAware (DSDA).
Prospective study that compared a screening tool with a criterion standard.
Ten community- and hospital-based driver assessment clinics in Australia and New Zealand.
Older and cognitively impaired drivers (N = 134) ages 18 to 91 years (Mage= 68) who were referred for an assessment to determine the impact of a medical condition on driving. The inclusion criteria were a valid driver's license, vision within license authority guidelines, completion of at least 1 year of high school, and English as a first language.
The results of the touchscreen DSDA, a standardized assessment of awareness of the driving environment and one's own driving abilities, were compared with those of a standardized occupational therapist-administered on-road assessment.
Rasch analysis provided evidence for the construct validity and internal reliability of data gathered with the touchscreen DSDA. Optimal upper and lower cutoff scores were set to trichotomize drivers into three categories: likely to pass an on-road assessment, likely to fail an on-road assessment, and further testing required. Specificity of the touchscreen DSDA was 86%, and sensitivity was 91%; positive predictive value was 83%, negative predictive value was 92%, and overall accuracy of classification was 88%.
Evidence supports the utility of the touchscreen DSDA for accurately predicting which participants require on-road assessment. What This Article Adds: The touchscreen DSDA is a promising screen for occupational therapists and other health professionals to use in conjunction with other clinical indicators to determine whether drivers require further assessment.
职业治疗师需要有效的认知驾驶适宜性工具，以便在这个高风险领域为驾驶员提供建议。
检验通过触摸屏“安全驾驶意识”（DSDA）收集的数据的心理测量特性和预测效度。
将一种筛查工具与一项标准参照进行比较的前瞻性研究。
澳大利亚和新西兰的10家社区及医院驾驶员评估诊所。
18至91岁（平均年龄68岁）的老年及认知障碍驾驶员（N = 134），他们因评估医疗状况对驾驶的影响而被转诊。纳入标准为持有有效驾照、视力符合驾照管理机构指南、至少完成1年高中教育且母语为英语。
将触摸屏DSDA（一种对驾驶环境和自身驾驶能力意识的标准化评估）的结果与职业治疗师进行的标准化道路评估结果进行比较。
拉施分析为通过触摸屏DSDA收集的数据的结构效度和内部信度提供了证据。设定了最佳的上下截断分数，将驾驶员分为三类：可能通过道路评估、可能无法通过道路评估以及需要进一步测试。触摸屏DSDA的特异性为86%，敏感性为91%；阳性预测值为83%，阴性预测值为92%，总体分类准确率为88%。
证据支持触摸屏DSDA在准确预测哪些参与者需要进行道路评估方面的效用。本文补充内容：触摸屏DSDA对于职业治疗师和其他健康专业人员来说是一种有前景的筛查工具，可与其他临床指标结合使用，以确定驾驶员是否需要进一步评估。
