Schiebelhut Lauren M, Giakoumis Melina, Castilho Rita, Garcia Valentina E, Wares John P, Wessel Gary M, Dawson Michael N
Biol Bull. 2022 Dec;243(3):315-327. doi: 10.1086/722800. Epub 2023 Jan 4.
AbstractAn explanation for variation in impacts of sea star wasting disease across asteroid species remains elusive. Although various traits have been suggested to play a potential role in sea star wasting susceptibility, currently we lack a thorough comparison that explores how life-history and natural history traits shape responses to mass mortality across diverse asteroid taxa. To explore how asteroid traits may relate to sea star wasting, using available data and recognizing the potential for biological correlations to be driven by phylogeny, we generated a supertree, tested traits for phylogenetic association, and evaluated associations between traits and sea star wasting impact. Our analyses show no evidence for a phylogenetic association with sea star wasting impact, but there does appear to be phylogenetic association for a subset of asteroid life-history traits, including diet, substrate, and reproductive season. We found no relationship between sea star wasting and developmental mode, diet, pelagic larval duration, or substrate but did find a relationship with minimum depth, reproductive season, and rugosity (or surface complexity). Species with the greatest sea star wasting impacts tend to have shallower minimum depth distributions, they tend to have their median reproductive period 1.5 months earlier, and they tend to have higher rugosities relative to species less affected by sea star wasting. Fully understanding sea star wasting remains challenging, in part because dramatic gaps still exist in our understanding of the basic biology and phylogeny of asteroids. Future studies would benefit from a more robust phylogenetic understanding of sea stars, as well as leveraging intra- and interspecific comparative transcriptomics and genomics to elucidate the molecular pathways responding to sea star wasting.
摘要
海星消瘦病对不同海星物种的影响存在差异，其原因仍不明朗。尽管已有各种特征被认为可能在海星对消瘦病的易感性中发挥作用，但目前我们缺乏全面的比较研究，以探究生活史和自然史特征如何影响不同海星分类群对大规模死亡的反应。为了探究海星特征与海星消瘦病之间的关系，我们利用现有数据，并认识到系统发育可能驱动生物学相关性，进而构建了一棵超级树，测试特征的系统发育关联性，并评估特征与海星消瘦病影响之间的关联。我们的分析表明，没有证据支持海星消瘦病影响与系统发育存在关联，但对于一部分海星生活史特征，包括食性、栖息底物和繁殖季节，似乎存在系统发育关联。我们发现海星消瘦病与发育模式、食性、浮游幼虫期或栖息底物之间没有关系，但确实发现与最小深度、繁殖季节和粗糙度（或表面复杂度）有关。受海星消瘦病影响最大的物种往往具有更浅的最小深度分布，它们的繁殖期中位期往往早1.5个月，并且相对于受海星消瘦病影响较小的物种，它们往往具有更高的粗糙度。全面了解海星消瘦病仍然具有挑战性，部分原因是我们对海星的基本生物学和系统发育的理解仍存在巨大差距。未来的研究将受益于对海星更深入的系统发育理解，以及利用种内和种间比较转录组学和基因组学来阐明对海星消瘦病作出反应的分子途径。
