Sustainable Bio-Based Materials Laboratory, College of Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, Auburn University, 602 Duncan Drive, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Mar 31;232:123342. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123342. Epub 2023 Jan 28.
Nanocellulose/polyethylenimine composites have attracted growing attention due to their versatility as new materials for application in different fields. Water remediation is one of the traditional applications of these composites and their investigation as adsorbents for single water pollutants is well established. However, most water resources such as rivers, lakes, and even oceans contain complex mixtures of pollutants. Despite several recently published reviews on water purification technology, they only focused on these material as single pollutant removers and hardly mentioned their capacity to simultaneously recover multiple pollutants. Therefore, there is still a gap in the archived literature considering nanocellulose/polyethylenimine composites targeting water remediation with multiple water pollutants. In this review, methods for synthesizing such composites are classified and compared according to the mechanism of reactions, such as chemical crosslinking and physical adsorption, while outlining advantages and limitations. Then, the water pollutants mainly targeted by those composites are discussed in detail to expound the relationship between the synthesis method and the type and adsorption capacity. Finally, the last section presents challenges and opportunities of these nanocellulose/polyethylenimine composites as emerging sorbents for sustainable multiple water pollutants purification technologies. This review aims to lay out the basis for future developments of these composites for multiple water pollutants.
由于纳米纤维素/聚乙烯亚胺复合材料作为新材料在不同领域应用的多功能性，它们引起了越来越多的关注。水修复是这些复合材料的传统应用之一，它们作为单一水污染吸附剂的研究已经得到充分证实。然而，大多数水资源，如河流、湖泊，甚至海洋，都含有复杂的污染物混合物。尽管最近发表了几篇关于水净化技术的综述，但它们仅关注这些材料作为单一污染物去除剂，几乎没有提到它们同时去除多种污染物的能力。因此，在考虑针对多种水污染的水修复的纳米纤维素/聚乙烯亚胺复合材料方面，存档文献中仍然存在差距。在这篇综述中，根据反应机制（如化学交联和物理吸附）对合成这些复合材料的方法进行了分类和比较，同时概述了它们的优缺点。然后，详细讨论了这些复合材料主要针对的水污染物，以阐述合成方法与类型和吸附能力之间的关系。最后，最后一部分介绍了这些纳米纤维素/聚乙烯亚胺复合材料作为可持续的多种水污染净化技术新兴吸附剂的挑战和机遇。本综述旨在为这些复合材料在多种水污染方面的未来发展奠定基础。
