Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.
Violence Vict. 2023 Feb 1;38(1):148-164. doi: 10.1891/VV-2021-0168. Epub 2023 Jan 30.
This study examined whether sexual objectification (i.e., reducing someone to a sex object via a disproportionate focus on appearance and sexual characteristics) was associated with decreased confidence in future bystander intervention to reduce the risk for sexual violence (i.e., bystander efficacy) through several barriers to intervention: , , and Participants were 1,021 undergraduates ( = 309 men; = 712 women) who completed self-report measures. Because men frequently perpetrate objectification, whereas women often experience objectification, complementary models were tested with objectification perpetration in men and objectification experiences in women. As expected, for men, each barrier mediated negative associations between objectification perpetration and bystander efficacy. Unexpectedly, for women, each barrier mediated positive associations between objectification experiences and bystander efficacy. Findings underscore important gender differences in associations between sexual objectification and bystander efficacy, as well as potential benefits of helping bystanders recognize the risk for sexual violence and assume responsibility for intervening.
本研究考察了性物化（即通过过度关注外貌和性特征将某人降格为性对象）是否会通过几种干预障碍与未来减少性暴力风险的旁观者干预（即旁观者效能）的信心降低有关：感知到的自我效能、自我表达的障碍和感知到的责任。参与者为 1021 名本科生（n=309 名男性；n=712 名女性），他们完成了自我报告的测量。由于男性经常实施性物化，而女性经常经历性物化，因此测试了男性性物化实施和女性性物化经历的互补模型。正如预期的那样，对于男性来说，每个障碍都在性物化实施与旁观者效能之间的负相关关系中起中介作用。出乎意料的是，对于女性来说，每个障碍都在性物化经历与旁观者效能之间的正相关关系中起中介作用。这些发现强调了性物化与旁观者效能之间关联的重要性别差异，以及帮助旁观者认识到性暴力风险并承担干预责任的潜在好处。
