School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
J Gen Intern Med. 2023 May;38(7):1709-1716. doi: 10.1007/s11606-022-07981-9. Epub 2023 Jan 30.
With an aging population, older adults are increasingly serving as caregivers to others, which may increase their risk of adverse interpersonal experiences.
To investigate the prevalence and types of elder mistreatment experienced by older caregiving adults.
Cross-sectional analysis PARTICIPANTS: National sample of community-dwelling US adults over age 60 in 2015-2016.
Caregiving (assisting another adult with day-to-day activities) was assessed by interviewer-administered questionnaires. Experience of elder mistreatment was assessed by participant-reported questionnaire in three domains: emotional, physical, and financial. Multivariable logistic regression models examined associations between caregiving status and each domain of elder mistreatment, adjusting for age, race, ethnicity, gender, education, marital status, concomitant care-receiving status, overall physical and mental health, and cognitive function. Additional logistic regression models examined associations between being the primary caregiver (rather than a secondary caregiver) and each domain of mistreatment among older caregivers.
Of the 1898 participants over age 60 (including 1062 women and 836 men, 83% non-Hispanic white, and 64% married or partnered), 14% reported serving as caregivers for other adults, including 8% who considered themselves to be the primary caregiver. Among these older caregivers, 38% reported experiencing emotional, 32% financial, and 6% physical mistreatment after age 60. In multivariable models, caregiving was associated with experiencing both emotional mistreatment (AOR 1.61, 95% CI 1.15-2.25) and financial mistreatment (AOR 1.72, 95% CI 1.18-2.50). In analyses confined to caregiving older adults, those who served as primary rather than secondary caregivers for other adults had an over two-fold increased odds of emotional mistreatment (AOR 2.17, 95% CI 1.07, 4.41).
In this national cohort of older community-dwelling adults, caregiving was independently associated with experiencing emotional and financial mistreatment after age 60. Findings suggest that efforts to prevent or mitigate elder mistreatment should put more emphasis on vulnerable older caregivers.
随着人口老龄化，老年人越来越多地照顾他人，这可能会增加他们遭受不良人际体验的风险。
调查老年照顾者经历的虐待老年人的发生率和类型。
2015-2016 年，对美国社区居住的 60 岁以上的成年人进行了横断面分析。
全国性样本。
通过访谈者管理的问卷评估照顾者的情况。通过参与者报告的问卷评估三个领域的老年人虐待经历：情感、身体和财务。多变量逻辑回归模型调整了年龄、种族、民族、性别、教育程度、婚姻状况、同时接受照顾的状况、整体身心健康和认知功能后，研究了照顾者状态与每个虐待领域之间的关联。另外的逻辑回归模型研究了在老年照顾者中，作为主要照顾者（而不是次要照顾者）与每个虐待领域之间的关联。
在 1898 名 60 岁以上的参与者中（包括 1062 名女性和 836 名男性，83%为非西班牙裔白人，64%已婚或有伴侣），14%的人报告说他们照顾其他成年人，包括 8%的人认为自己是主要照顾者。在这些老年照顾者中，38%的人在 60 岁后经历了情感虐待，32%的人经历了财务虐待，6%的人经历了身体虐待。在多变量模型中，照顾与经历情感虐待（AOR1.61，95%CI1.15-2.25）和财务虐待（AOR1.72，95%CI1.18-2.50）相关。在仅针对照顾老年人的分析中，那些作为其他成年人的主要而不是次要照顾者的人，情感虐待的可能性增加了两倍多（AOR2.17，95%CI1.07-4.41）。
在这项针对美国社区居住的老年成年人的全国性队列研究中，照顾与 60 岁后经历情感和财务虐待独立相关。研究结果表明，预防或减轻老年人虐待的努力应该更加重视脆弱的老年照顾者。
