马来西亚森美兰州一个农村社区中老年人虐待与忽视的患病率及其相关因素：基于人群调查的马来西亚老年人虐待项目（MAESTRO）的基线调查结果
The prevalence and correlates of elder abuse and neglect in a rural community of Negeri Sembilan state: baseline findings from The Malaysian Elder Mistreatment Project (MAESTRO), a population-based survey.
作者信息
Sooryanarayana Rajini, Choo Wan Yuen, Hairi Noran N, Chinna Karuthan, Hairi Farizah, Ali Zainudin Mohamad, Ahmad Sharifah Nor, Razak Inayah Abdul, Aziz Suriyati Abdul, Ramli Rohaya, Mohamad Rosmala, Mohammad Zaiton Lal, Peramalah Devi, Ahmad Noor Ani, Aris Tahir, Bulgiba Awang
机构信息
Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Julius Centre University of Malaya, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2017 Sep 1;7(8):e017025. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017025.
BACKGROUND
As Malaysia is fast becoming an ageing nation, the health, safety and welfare of elders are major societal concerns. Elder abuse is a phenomenon recognised abroad but less so locally. This paper presents the baseline findings from the Malaysian Elder Mistreatment Project (MAESTRO) study, the first community-based study on elder abuse in Malaysia.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional study, analysing baseline findings of a cohort of older adults.
SETTING
Kuala Pilah district, Negeri Sembilan state, Malaysia.
OBJECTIVES
To determine the prevalence of elder abuse among community dwelling older adults and its associated factors.
PARTICIPANTS
A total of 2112 community dwelling older adults aged 60 years and above were recruited employing a multistage sampling using the national census.
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES
Elder abuse, measured using a validated instrument derived from previous literature and the modified Conflict Tactic Scales, similar to the Irish national prevalence survey on elder abuse with modification to local context. Factors associated with abuse and profiles of respondents were also examined.
RESULTS
The prevalence of overall abuse was reported to be 4.5% in the past 12 months. Psychological abuse was most common, followed by financial, physical, neglect and sexual abuse. Two or more occurrences of abusive acts were common, while clustering of various types of abuse was experienced by one-third of abused elders. Being male (adjusted OR (aOR) 2.15, 95% CI 1.23 to 3.78), being at risk of social isolation (aOR 1.96, 95% CI 1.07 to 3.58), a prior history of abuse (aOR 3.28, 95% CI 1.40 to 7.68) and depressive symptomatology (aOR 7.83, 95% CI 2.88 to 21.27) were independently associated with overall abuse.
CONCLUSION
Elder abuse occurred among one in every 20 elders. The findings on elder abuse indicate the need to enhance elder protection in Malaysia, with both screening of and interventions for elder abuse.
背景
随着马来西亚迅速步入老龄化国家，老年人的健康、安全和福祉成为社会主要关切问题。虐待老人是国外已认识到的一种现象，但在当地认识较少。本文介绍了马来西亚老年人虐待问题项目（MAESTRO）研究的基线调查结果，这是马来西亚首个基于社区的老年人虐待问题研究。
设计
横断面研究，分析一组老年人的基线调查结果。
地点
马来西亚森美兰州瓜拉庇拉区。
目的
确定社区居住老年人中虐待老人行为的患病率及其相关因素。
参与者
采用全国人口普查的多阶段抽样方法，共招募了2112名60岁及以上的社区居住老年人。
主要和次要观察指标
使用从以往文献中衍生并经修改的冲突策略量表的有效工具来衡量虐待老人行为，该量表类似于爱尔兰全国虐待老人患病率调查，并根据当地情况进行了修改。还研究了与虐待行为相关的因素和受访者的特征。
结果
据报告，过去12个月中总体虐待行为的患病率为4.5%。心理虐待最为常见，其次是经济虐待、身体虐待、忽视和性虐待。两种或更多次虐待行为很常见，三分之一受虐待的老年人经历了各种类型虐待行为的聚集。男性（调整后比值比（aOR）为2.15，95%置信区间为1.23至3.78）、有社会隔离风险（aOR为1.96，95%置信区间为1.07至3.58）、既往有虐待史（aOR为3.28，95%置信区间为1.40至7.68）和抑郁症状（aOR为7.83，95%置信区间为2.88至21.27）与总体虐待行为独立相关。
结论
每20名老年人中就有1人遭受虐待。关于虐待老人行为的调查结果表明，马来西亚需要加强对老年人的保护，包括对虐待老人行为进行筛查和干预。
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