University of Tunis El Manar, Rabies Laboratory, Institut Pasteur of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia.
Contagious Diseases, Zoonoses and Health Legislation Department, University of Manouba, National School of Veterinary Medicine, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
BMC Vet Res. 2023 Jan 30;19(1):24. doi: 10.1186/s12917-023-03582-8.
Rabies (RABV) is an enzootic disease in Tunisia, with dogs being the primary reservoir. Vaccinating dogs is the key to eradicate rabies. Regional Veterinary Services conduct nationwide immunisation campaigns on an annual basis. Evaluation of the immune response is still important to make sure that the vaccination is effective in the conditions of the Tunisian field. In this paper, the FAVN technique was used to test rabies antibody dynamics in dogs from three distinct Tunisian areas observed for one year following a mass vaccination campaign.
On day 30 after vaccination, 75% of all dogs vaccinated during the campaign were sero-positive (titres greater than or equal to 0.5 transformed IU/ml). On day 180, 48% of all dogs were sero-positive. Only 25.6% of primary-vaccinated dogs remained sero-positive on day 180 and 7% on day 365, whereas 91% of previously sero-positive dogs remained sero-positive on day 365.
Although a single rabies vaccine is successful at stimulating an immunological response, it is recommended that primary-vaccinated dogs have a second booster between one and three months after the initial vaccination to maintain seropositivity. To achieve the rabies eradication objective, all dogs should receive an annual booster to maintain effective immunological protection.
狂犬病（RABV）是突尼斯的地方性疾病，狗是主要的储存宿主。给狗接种疫苗是根除狂犬病的关键。地区兽医服务机构每年在全国范围内开展免疫接种运动。评估免疫反应仍然很重要，以确保疫苗在突尼斯实地条件下有效。本文采用 FAVN 技术检测了在大规模疫苗接种运动后一年观察到的来自突尼斯三个不同地区的狗的狂犬病抗体动态。
在接种后 30 天，所有在接种期间接种疫苗的狗中有 75%呈血清阳性（效价大于或等于 0.5 转化 IU/ml）。在第 180 天，所有狗中有 48%呈血清阳性。只有 25.6%的初次接种疫苗的狗在第 180 天和第 365 天仍呈血清阳性，而 7%的狗在第 365 天仍呈血清阳性。
虽然单次狂犬病疫苗成功地刺激了免疫反应，但建议初次接种疫苗的狗在初次接种后一到三个月内进行第二次加强免疫，以保持血清阳性。为了实现根除狂犬病的目标，所有狗都应该每年加强免疫，以保持有效的免疫保护。
