过去十年中国西北地区学龄前儿童的牙科保健服务利用情况及其影响因素。

Utilization of dental care service and associated factors among pre-school children in northwest China over the past decade.

机构信息

Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.

Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Disease, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.

出版信息

BMC Oral Health. 2023 Jan 30;23(1):54. doi: 10.1186/s12903-023-02736-2.

DOI:10.1186/s12903-023-02736-2

PMID:36717826

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9887760/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors influencing the utilization of oral health care among 5 years old children.

METHODS

We conducted two observational cross-sectional studies. The studies were conducted in 2005 and 2015 and included 5-year-old children who underwent dental examination by trained dentists and the caregivers of the children were requested to answer the questionnaire. Multi-level stratified sampling method was used. Chi-square tests were used to analyze the utilization of dental care and other socio-economic variables. Logistic regression models were employed to explore the primary factors influencing the use of dental care among pre-school children.

RESULTS

In 2005, a total of 399 and in 2015, 492 child-caregiver pairs were included. The majority of the caregivers in both surveys were females, comprising 68.2% and 74.8% of the caregivers in 2005 and 2015, respectively. 75.2% and 87.0% (p < 0.05) of the respondents had an education level of lesser than 9 years. The prevalence of caries was higher in 2015 (63.2%) (p < 0.05) than in 2005 (53.4%). In 2005 and 2015, the utilization of dental care services was 20.8% and 20.0%, respectively. A statistically significant association was observed between caries and dental care use in 5-year-olds over the past decade. After adjusting for confounders, dental service usage among children in urban areas was 1.62 times higher than that of rural areas in 2005 (95% CI 0.069-0.571), and the self-assessment of caregivers regarding their child's oral health significantly improved oral health use in 2015.

CONCLUSION

The utilization of dental care services over the past decade is insufficient among pre-school children in northwest China. Hence, with the decreasing gap about economic and health service resources, policymakers should place greater emphasis on raising awareness among caregivers about the oral health status of their children.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在分析影响 5 岁儿童口腔保健利用的因素。

方法

我们进行了两项观察性横断面研究。这两项研究分别于 2005 年和 2015 年进行，纳入了接受经过培训的牙医进行口腔检查的 5 岁儿童，并且要求儿童的照顾者回答问卷。采用多级分层抽样方法。采用卡方检验分析口腔保健利用情况和其他社会经济变量。采用 logistic 回归模型探讨影响学龄前儿童口腔保健利用的主要因素。

结果

2005 年共纳入 399 对儿童-照顾者，2015 年纳入 492 对。两项调查中的大多数照顾者均为女性，分别占 2005 年和 2015 年照顾者的 68.2%和 74.8%。75.2%和 87.0%（p<0.05）的受访者的教育水平低于 9 年。2015 年（63.2%）（p<0.05）的龋齿患病率高于 2005 年（53.4%）。2005 年和 2015 年，口腔保健服务的利用率分别为 20.8%和 20.0%。在过去十年中，儿童的龋齿与口腔保健使用之间存在统计学显著关联。调整混杂因素后，2005 年城区儿童的牙科服务使用率是农村地区的 1.62 倍（95%CI 0.069-0.571），而照顾者对其儿童口腔健康的自我评估在 2015 年显著提高了口腔健康使用率。