Horner R H, Williams J A, Steveley J D
College of Education, Specialized Training Program, University of Oregon, Eugene 97403-1211.
Res Dev Disabil. 1987;8(2):229-47. doi: 10.1016/0891-4222(87)90006-0.
This study examines the effects of one approach for selecting teaching examples on the development of generalized telephone skills with moderately and severely mentally retarded high school students. Four subjects were taught to make and receive telephone calls within a counterbalanced multiple baseline design. The primary dependent variable was generalization of telephone skills to nontrained telephone situations in home, school, and community settings. Results document the effectiveness and efficiency of the training approach. An eighteen-month validation assessment also shows that telephone use continued as a regular part of each student's lifestyle. The instructional implications of these results are discussed as well as methodological implications for applied research on generalization.
本研究考察了一种选择教学示例的方法对中度和重度智力障碍高中生通用电话技能发展的影响。在平衡多基线设计中,对四名受试者进行了打电话和接电话的训练。主要因变量是电话技能在家庭、学校和社区环境中未训练的电话情境中的泛化。结果证明了该训练方法的有效性和效率。一项为期18个月的验证评估还表明,使用电话持续成为每个学生日常生活的一部分。文中讨论了这些结果的教学意义以及对泛化应用研究的方法学意义。