Tillmann Judith, Weckbecker Klaus, Wiesheu Paul, Bleckwenn Markus, Deutsch Tobias, Münster Eva
Institut für Allgemeinmedizin und Ambulante Gesundheitsversorgung (IAMAG), Lehrstuhl für Allgemeinmedizin I und Interprofessionelle Versorgung, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Alfred-Herrhausen-Str. 50, 58448 Witten, Deutschland.
Institut für Allgemeinmedizin und Ambulante Gesundheitsversorgung (IAMAG), Lehrstuhl für Allgemeinmedizin II und Patientenorientierung in der Primärversorgung, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Alfred-Herrhausen-Str. 50, 58448 Witten, Deutschland.
ZFA (Stuttgart). 2023;99(1):28-33. doi: 10.1007/s44266-022-00001-3. Epub 2023 Jan 26.
Since the beginning of the war in Ukraine, more than 7.6 million people from Ukraine have been registered as refugees in European countries. In Germany, the number is estimated to be more than 1 million. These refugees may have different health needs than German patients due to differences in the health care system, disease prevalence, preventive measures, health behavior, and experiences of flight. However, general practitioners (GPs) have hardly been prepared for the contact.
For the first time, challenges in the treatment of Ukrainian refugees and support needs of German GPs were determined.
In July and August 2022, a cross-sectional study among GPs in Germany was conducted using an online survey.
A total of 82 GPs participated with a response rate of 16.0%; 52 of the participating GPs had treated Ukrainian refugees in the previous 2 weeks. In all, 75.0% of them reported difficulties or peculiarities in care, especially in communication (61.5%), due to lack of information about previous illnesses (34.6%), and expectations of services to be provided (30.8%). Of the 82 participants, 59.8% reported a need for multilingual information for patients, especially about the German health care system, help with mental health problems, contact points, and differences in the use of medications. Information for the practice team is needed in 37.8% of cases, especially on possibilities in case of language barriers, vaccination coverage in Ukraine, and dealing with missing vaccination records as well as drug lists.
Due to the new situation of Ukrainian refugees in Germany and the mentioned barriers, GPs should be supported in care. Information for practice teams as well as their networking with psychotherapeutic offers, contact points, drug databases, and regional interpreter services are urgently needed. However, multilingual information for Ukrainian patients should be disseminated in order to relieve the burden on practices, which have been under great strain, and to ensure continuity and quality of care.
自乌克兰战争爆发以来，超过760万乌克兰人在欧洲国家登记为难民。在德国，这一数字估计超过100万。由于医疗保健系统、疾病流行率、预防措施、健康行为以及逃亡经历的差异，这些难民的健康需求可能与德国患者不同。然而，全科医生几乎没有为接触这些难民做好准备。
首次确定了治疗乌克兰难民的挑战以及德国全科医生的支持需求。
2022年7月和8月，对德国的全科医生进行了一项横断面在线调查研究。
共有82名全科医生参与，回复率为16.0%；其中52名参与调查的全科医生在过去两周内治疗过乌克兰难民。总体而言，75.0%的医生报告在护理方面存在困难或特殊情况，尤其是在沟通方面（61.5%），原因是缺乏既往病史信息（34.6%）以及对所提供服务的期望（30.8%）。在82名参与者中，59.8%的人报告需要为患者提供多语言信息，特别是关于德国医疗保健系统、心理健康问题的帮助、联系点以及用药差异方面的信息。37.8%的情况下需要为医疗团队提供信息，特别是关于语言障碍情况下的应对方法、乌克兰的疫苗接种覆盖率、处理缺失的疫苗接种记录以及药品清单方面的信息。
由于德国境内乌克兰难民的新情况以及上述障碍，全科医生在护理工作中应得到支持。迫切需要为医疗团队提供信息，以及让他们与心理治疗服务、联系点、药品数据库和地区口译服务建立联系。然而，应为乌克兰患者提供多语言信息，以减轻负担过重的医疗机构的压力，并确保护理的连续性和质量。
