Nguyen Giang Tran Huong, Hoang-Cong Huy, La Luan Thien
Department of Chemistry and Environment, Dalat University, 1 Phu Dong Thien Vuong Street, Da Lat, Lam Dong Vietnam.
Northern Center for Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Pollution Control Department, Ha Noi, Vietnam.
Water Air Soil Pollut. 2023;234(2):85. doi: 10.1007/s11270-023-06113-1. Epub 2023 Jan 26.
Air pollution, especially in urban regions, is receiving increasing attention in Vietnam. Consequently, this work aimed to study and analyze the air quality in several provinces and cities in the country focusing on PM. Moreover, the impacts of COVID-19 social distancing on the PM level were investigated. For this purpose, descriptive statistic, Box and Whisker plot, correlation matrix, temporal variation, and trend analysis were conducted. R-based program and the R package "openair" were employed for the calculations. Hourly PM data were obtained from 8 national air quality monitoring sites. The study results indicated that provinces and cities in the North experienced more PM pollution compared to the Central and South. PM concentrations at each monitoring site varied significantly. Among monitoring sites, the northern sites showed high PM correlations with each other than the other sites. Seasonal variation was observed with high PM concentration in the dry season and low PM concentration in the wet season. PM concentration variation during the week was not so different. Diurnal variation showed that PM concentration rose at peak traffic hours and dropped in the afternoon. There was mainly a decreasing trend in PM concentration over the studied period. The COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to PM reduction. In the months implemented social distancing for preventing the epidemic, PM concentration declined but it would mostly increase in the following months. This study provided updated and valuable assessments of recent PM air quality in Vietnam.
空气污染，尤其是城市地区的空气污染，在越南正受到越来越多的关注。因此，这项工作旨在研究和分析该国几个省市的空气质量，重点是颗粒物（PM）。此外，还调查了新冠疫情社交距离措施对PM水平的影响。为此，进行了描述性统计、箱线图、相关矩阵、时间变化和趋势分析。计算使用了基于R的程序和R包“openair”。每小时的PM数据来自8个国家空气质量监测站点。研究结果表明，与中部和南部相比，北部的省市遭受的PM污染更严重。每个监测站点的PM浓度差异显著。在各监测站点中，北部站点之间的PM相关性高于其他站点。观察到季节性变化，旱季PM浓度高，雨季PM浓度低。一周内PM浓度变化差异不大。日变化表明，PM浓度在交通高峰时段上升，下午下降。在研究期间，PM浓度主要呈下降趋势。新冠疫情有助于PM的减少。在实施社交距离措施以预防疫情的月份里，PM浓度下降，但在随后的月份里大多会上升。这项研究为越南近期的PM空气质量提供了最新且有价值的评估。
