Reda Bachar, Lobbezoo Frank, Contardo Luca, El-Outa Abbass, Moro Luca, Pollis Matteo, Aarab Ghizlane, Manfredini Daniele
Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Oral Rehabil. 2023 May;50(5):370-375. doi: 10.1111/joor.13427. Epub 2023 Feb 14.
Oral behaviors represent a diverse array of habits beyond the physiological behaviors of the stomatognathic system.
To describe the prevalence of different oral behaviors, as reported with the Oral Behavior Checklist (OBC-21), in a convenience sample of patients attending an Italian university clinic for routine dental cares.
In this study, charts of adult patients presenting to the dental department of a regional hospital in Trieste, Italy, from January 2018 and January 2019 were reviewed. Patients with complete files were retrieved, and those with orofacial pain complaints were excluded. OBC-21 scores and grades (score of 0 corresponding to no risk, 1-24 to low risk, and higher than 24 to high risk) were analyzed and stratified according to age and sex.
Data from a total of 1424 patients were reported. The overall mean OBC score was 13.3 ± 9.9, with 6.7% no-risk grade, 79.6% low-risk grade, and 13.7% high-risk grade. In general, mean OBC scores decreased with increasing age. Females showed a higher frequency of high-risk grade than males. Most frequent prevalent habits included yawning (73.1%), eating between meals (66.9%) and chewing food on one side only (63.3%). Other behaviors were also highly prevalent, including pressing, touching, or holding teeth together other than while eating (52.7%) and awake clenching (47.5%).
A low-risk grade of oral behaviors has been found to be frequent in our sample. Future studies are warranted to confirm these findings in larger, representative general populations and to assess if any of these habits are linked to negative effects on the stomatognathic system.
口腔行为代表了口颌系统生理行为之外的一系列多样的习惯。
在一家意大利大学诊所接受常规牙科护理的便利样本患者中，描述使用口腔行为检查表（OBC - 21）报告的不同口腔行为的患病率。
在本研究中，回顾了2018年1月至2019年1月期间到意大利的里雅斯特一家地区医院牙科就诊的成年患者病历。检索了档案完整的患者，并排除了有口面部疼痛主诉的患者。根据年龄和性别对OBC - 21评分和等级（评分为0对应无风险，1 - 24对应低风险，高于24对应高风险）进行分析和分层。
共报告了1424名患者的数据。OBC总分平均为13.3±9.9，无风险等级占6.7%，低风险等级占79.6%，高风险等级占13.7%。一般来说，OBC平均得分随着年龄增长而降低。女性高风险等级的频率高于男性。最常见的习惯包括打哈欠（73.1%）、加餐（66.9%）和仅单侧咀嚼食物（63.3%）。其他行为也很普遍，包括在进食以外的时间挤压、触摸或咬紧牙齿（52.7%）和清醒时紧咬牙（47.5%）。
在我们的样本中发现低风险等级的口腔行为很常见。未来有必要进行研究，在更大规模、具有代表性的普通人群中证实这些发现，并评估这些习惯是否与对口颌系统的负面影响有关。
