Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2023 Mar;45(3):263-270. doi: 10.1007/s00276-023-03094-y. Epub 2023 Jan 31.
Total knee arthroplasty has been popular in recent years. Morphometry of proximal tibia is important for surgeons to perform successful total knee arthroplasty. Aim of this study was to reappraise the proximal tibia morphometry.
In this study, 57 human dry tibia were evaluated. Anteroposterior and mediolateral dimensions of tibial condyles, maximum width of superior articular surface and length of tibia were measured. Furthermore, morphometric measurements of the intercondylar area and Gerdy's tubercle (infracondylar tibial tubercle) were done. All measurements were performed by two observers using a digital caliper.
Mean anteroposterior and mediolateral dimensions of medial tibial condyle were found 39.76 and 23.27 mm, respectively. Mean anteroposterior and mediolateral dimensions of lateral tibial condyle were measured 34.72 and 21.83 mm, respectively. Mean anteroposterior dimension of intercondylar area was 41.62 mm. Shape of the Gerdy's tubercle was oval in 76.8%, irregular in 12.5%, and triangular in 10.7%. Texture of the tubercle was smooth in 85.7% and rough in 14.3%. Mean superoinferior and mediolateral dimensions of Gerdy's tubercle were 12.28 and 10.27 mm, respectively. Anteroposterior and mediolateral dimensions of tibial condyles were significantly higher (p < 0.05) for the medial condyle. Positive and statistically significant correlations were found between the tibial length and the other parameters (p < 0.05, r > 0.40).
The morphometric data of tibial plateau are important for surgeons during total knee arthroplasty. The superoinferior and mediolateral dimensions of the Gerdy's tubercle, the distance between Gerdy's tubercle and tibial tuberosity, the distance between Gerdy's tubercle and lateral tibial plateau were measured for the first time in our study. The data obtained from this study can be used as a guideline in designing tibial component of the total knee prosthesis in Turkish population. In arthroplasty, patient-specific prosthetic implants may eradicate implant mismatch in the near future.
全膝关节置换术近年来已得到广泛应用。胫骨近端形态学对于外科医生成功进行全膝关节置换术非常重要。本研究旨在重新评估胫骨近端形态学。
本研究共评估了 57 例人干胫骨。测量了胫骨髁的前后径和内外径、上关节面的最大宽度和胫骨长度。此外，还对髁间区和 Gerdy 结节（髁下胫骨结节）进行了形态测量。所有测量均由两名观察者使用数字卡尺进行。
内侧胫骨髁的平均前后径和内外径分别为 39.76mm 和 23.27mm。外侧胫骨髁的平均前后径和内外径分别为 34.72mm 和 21.83mm。髁间区的平均前后径为 41.62mm。Gerdy 结节的形状为椭圆形 76.8%，不规则形 12.5%，三角形 10.7%。结节的质地为光滑 85.7%，粗糙 14.3%。Gerdy 结节的上下径和内外径分别为 12.28mm 和 10.27mm。内侧髁的胫骨髁前后径和内外径明显高于外侧髁（p<0.05）。胫骨长度与其他参数之间存在正相关且具有统计学意义（p<0.05，r>0.40）。
胫骨平台的形态学数据对于全膝关节置换术中的外科医生非常重要。本研究首次测量了 Gerdy 结节的上下径和内外径、Gerdy 结节与胫骨结节之间的距离、Gerdy 结节与外侧胫骨平台之间的距离。本研究获得的数据可作为土耳其人群全膝关节假体胫骨部件设计的指南。在关节置换术中，患者特异性假体植入物可能在不久的将来消除植入物不匹配的问题。
