Emmanuel Andy, Kain Victoria J, Forster Elizabeth
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia (Drs Emmanuel, Kain, and Forster); and Department of Nursing Science, College of Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria (Dr Emmanuel).
J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 2023;37(2):138-147. doi: 10.1097/JPN.0000000000000686.
Under-5 mortality has declined globally; however, proportion of under-5 deaths occurring within the first 28 days after birth has increased significantly. This study aims to determine the impact of an educational intervention on neonatal care and survival rates in Nigeria.
This was a sequential exploratory mixed-methods design involving 21 health workers in the preintervention phase, while 15 health workers and 30 mother-baby dyads participated in the postintervention phase. Data were collected using semistructured interviews and nonparticipatory observation. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis, while quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Healthy newborns were routinely separated from their mothers in the preintervention period. During this time, non-evidence-based practices, such as routine nasal and oral suctioning, were performed. Skin-to-skin contact and early initiation of breastfeeding were frequently interrupted. After the intervention, 80.6% were placed in skin-to-skin contact with their mothers, and 20 of these babies maintained contact with the mother until breastfeeding was established. There was decline in neonatal deaths post-intervention. Independent t -test analysis of the day of neonatal death demonstrates a significant difference in mean ( P = .00, 95% confidence interval -5.629; -7.447 to -4.779).
Newborn survival can be improved through regular training of maternity health workers in evidence-based newborn care.
全球五岁以下儿童死亡率已有所下降；然而，五岁以下儿童在出生后前28天内死亡的比例却显著增加。本研究旨在确定一项教育干预措施对尼日利亚新生儿护理及存活率的影响。
这是一项序贯探索性混合方法设计，在干预前阶段有21名卫生工作者参与，而在干预后阶段有15名卫生工作者和30对母婴参与。数据通过半结构化访谈和非参与性观察收集。定性数据采用主题分析法进行分析，定量数据则采用描述性和推断性统计方法进行分析。
在干预前阶段，健康新生儿通常与母亲分开。在此期间，会进行一些非循证实践，如常规的鼻腔和口腔吸引。母婴皮肤接触和早期开始母乳喂养经常被打断。干预后，80.6%的婴儿与母亲进行了皮肤接触，其中20名婴儿在建立母乳喂养前一直与母亲保持接触。干预后新生儿死亡人数有所下降。对新生儿死亡日期进行独立t检验分析显示，均值存在显著差异（P = 0.00，95%置信区间为 -5.629；-7.447至 -4.779）。
通过定期对产科卫生工作者进行循证新生儿护理培训，可以提高新生儿存活率。
