Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi Pedagogical University 2 (HPU2), Nguyen Van Linh, Xuanhoa, Phucyen, Vinhphuc, Vietnam.
Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2023;24(12):1524-1553. doi: 10.2174/1389201024666230201115303.
(the Myristicaceae family) is a large genus of small-medium trees found in Southeast Asia, Africa, and Australia. Historical records dealt with the uses of species as medicinal plants against various diseases, especially cancer remedies, or their application as tonic agents in Asian communities Objective: The aim of this review is to provide the most current knowledge on the traditional uses, chemical profiles, as well as pharmacological values of plants.
Through electronic search, the literature materials on plants were acquired from scholarly journals, books, and internationally recognized scientific databases, such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Sci-Finder, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. All full-text articles and abstracts on were screened. Genus , traditional use, phytochemistry, and pharmacology were the first selective keywords to search for references.
Since the 1970s, more than 185 metabolites have been isolated from plants and structurally elucidated. Among them, phenolic lipids, flavonoids, and lignans are the principal metabolites. Crude extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds of species possess a wide variety of pharmacological properties, such as antioxidative, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, antimalarial, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective activities, but cytotoxicity is the most striking feature. Phenolic lipids containing long alkyl side chains and polar hydroxyl or acyl groups are found as the most active molecules in cytotoxic assays.
Further studies on phytochemistry and pharmacological activities, toxicological assessments, pharmacological mechanisms, and pharmacokinetics are urgently needed.
肉豆蔻科是一个大型的中、小型树木属，分布于东南亚、非洲和澳大利亚。历史记录记载了该属的一些物种被用作药用植物来治疗各种疾病，尤其是癌症治疗，或在亚洲社区作为滋补剂应用。目的：本综述的目的是提供关于该属植物的传统用途、化学特征以及药理学价值的最新知识。
通过电子检索，从学术期刊、书籍和国际公认的科学数据库（如 PubMed、ScienceDirect、Sci-Finder、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar）中获取了关于该属植物的文献资料。对所有关于该属植物的全文文章和摘要进行了筛选。属名、传统用途、植物化学和药理学是最初的选择性关键词，用于搜索参考文献。
自 20 世纪 70 年代以来，从肉豆蔻科植物中分离并结构鉴定出了超过 185 种代谢物。其中，酚类脂质、类黄酮和木脂素是主要的代谢物。该属植物的粗提取物、馏分和分离化合物具有广泛的药理活性，如抗氧化、抗糖尿病、抗菌、抗炎、抗疟、神经保护和保肝活性，但细胞毒性是最显著的特征。在细胞毒性测定中，具有长烷基侧链和极性羟基或酰基的酚类脂质被发现是最活跃的分子。
迫切需要进一步研究植物化学、药理学活性、毒理学评估、药理机制和药代动力学。
