Enhanced triboelectric properties of EuO-doped BaTiO/PVDF-HFP nanofibers.

Because triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) convert mechanical energy into electricity, they are sustainable energy sources for powering a diverse range of intelligent sensing and monitoring devices. To enhance the electrical output of polymer-based TENGs, nanofillers are commonly incorporated into polymers. In this study, we developed a simple low-temperature process for preparing high-performance ceramic powder-based TENGs comprising electrospun fibrous surfaces based on poly(vinylidene difluoride--hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) and dispersed EuO-doped BaTiO nanofillers. Herein, we discuss the effect of the modified dielectric properties and transferred charge of the electrification film on the performance of the TENGs. After incorporating the EuO-doped BaTiO nanofiller, the maximum output voltage of the 10 wt% EuO-BaTiO/PVDF-HFP electrospun-nanofiber TENG reached as high as 1004 V with a corresponding current density of 9.9 μA cm. The enhancement in the triboelectric properties of the EuO-BaTiO/PVDF-HFP electrospun-nanofiber TENGs was due to their high amounts of interface polarization and transferred charge, suggesting improved capture and storage of triboelectric electrons. These EuO-BaTiO/PVDF-HFP electrospun-nanofiber TENGs could harvest mechanical energy and power electronic devices; they were robust and not affected by the operating temperature or humidity. Furthermore, we used a fabricated device as a sensor for application as a light-emitting diode dimmer switch and for the tracking of leg movement.