Houben J J, Huygens R
Laboratoire d'Anatomie et Embryologie Humaines, Faculty of Medicine, Brussels, Belgium.
Teratology. 1987 Aug;36(1):107-16. doi: 10.1002/tera.1420360114.
In the rat, the development of the limb bud can be impaired by amniotic puncture. Selective haemorrhages are observed within 1 hour of the treatment. An ultrastructural analysis was undertaken to uncover the cytological changes associated with these haemorrhages. The earliest effect of oligohydramnios is the appearance of a periendothelial oedema which separates the mesodermal cellular processes from the endothelial basal lamina. The loosening of the latter and the distortion of the endothelial cells occur almost simultaneously. Subsequent damage of the mesodermal cells ensues, the ectoderm and the preskeletal condensations remaining unaffected. Only general damage of the embryo affecting all tissues will lead to the complete necrosis of the limb bud and even to foetal death. The great variability of skeletal defects observed in amniocentesis syndrome can be accounted for by the higher resistance of the differentiating cells to a decrease in blood supply.
在大鼠中，羊膜穿刺可损害肢芽的发育。治疗后1小时内可观察到选择性出血。进行了超微结构分析以揭示与这些出血相关的细胞学变化。羊水过少的最早影响是出现内皮周水肿，这将中胚层细胞突起与内皮基膜分开。后者的松弛和内皮细胞的变形几乎同时发生。随后中胚层细胞受损，外胚层和骨骼前凝聚物不受影响。只有影响所有组织的胚胎普遍损伤才会导致肢芽完全坏死，甚至导致胎儿死亡。羊膜穿刺综合征中观察到的骨骼缺陷的巨大变异性可以用分化细胞对血液供应减少的较高抵抗力来解释。
