Antibiotic Resistance of in Turkey: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Turkey presents both a high prevalence of infection and high prevalence of antibiotic resistance. In this study, we aimed to summarize recent data on antibiotic resistance rates in this nation. After conducting searches in two national and international databases (ULAKBIM, EKUAL, and PubMed), a systematic review was conducted. A total of 197 original articles on antibiotic resistance of in Turkey were collected. After screening for inclusion and exclusion criteria, to evaluate the antibiotic resistance for the period 2005-2020, 20 eligible articles were included in the meta-analysis. Data analysis was performed using MedCalc 12.7.0. The number of isolated strains in each study was weighted, and pooled proportion analysis was performed. This review included 20 Turkish studies, including 1,556 strains. The overall resistance rates were as follows: clarithromycin (CLA), 26.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 20.5-33.5); metronidazole (MTZ), 28.4% (95% CI: 19.7-38.1); levofloxacin (LVX), 19.6% (95% CI: 9.9-31.7); tetracycline (TET), 0.7% (95% CI: 0.1-1.8); and amoxicillin (AMO), 1.3% (95% CI: 0.3-3.1). The reported results showed that Turkish isolates are highly resistant to CLA, MTZ, and LVX, while exhibiting a low level of resistance toward AMO and TET.