Oil, Gas, and Biofuels Research Group, Postgraduate Program of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Geochemistry: Petroleum and Environment, Institute of Geoscience, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Mar;30(12):32168-32183. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-25622-4. Epub 2023 Feb 1.
Microemulsions are important for soil and sediment remediation technology. The characteristics of the surfactants that make up these microemulsions include low sorption into soil or sediments, low surface and interfacial tension, the ability to penetrate tiny pores, and good solubilization of contaminants. This review revealed that microemulsions formulated with nonionic and anionic surfactants have higher recovery efficiencies for hydrophobic contaminants than cationic ones, as evidenced by the surveyed studies reporting effective remediation of soils and sediments using on microemulsions. These microemulsified systems have been found to remove petroleum and its derivatives from soil or sediments at percentages ranging from 40 to 100%. As such, this review can aid with the choice of surfactants used in microemulsions for remediation, such as those with plant-based components, which are promising solutions for the remediation of contaminated soils due to their contaminant extraction efficiency and biodegradability.
微乳液在土壤和沉积物修复技术中很重要。构成这些微乳液的表面活性剂的特性包括：对土壤或沉积物的吸附性低、表面张力和界面张力低、能够渗透微小孔隙、以及对污染物有良好的增溶能力。这篇综述表明，与阳离子表面活性剂相比，由非离子和阴离子表面活性剂组成的微乳液对疏水性污染物的回收率更高，这一点从调查研究报告中可以看出，使用微乳液对土壤和沉积物进行了有效的修复。这些微乳化系统已被发现可以从土壤或沉积物中去除石油及其衍生物，去除率从 40%到 100%不等。因此，本综述可以帮助选择用于修复的微乳液中的表面活性剂，例如那些含有植物成分的表面活性剂，由于其污染物提取效率和生物降解性，它们是受污染土壤修复的有前途的解决方案。
