Aduloju-Ajijola Natasha, Oyerinde Ifeoluwa Abosede, Gaul Zaneta J, Gaskins Susan, Sutton Madeline Y, Cody Shameka L, Johnson Karen, Mugoya George C T, Payne-Foster Pamela
Vitalera Integrated Consults, Abuja, Nigeria.
Department of Community Medicine and Population Health Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2024 Feb;11(1):364-370. doi: 10.1007/s40615-023-01524-6. Epub 2023 Feb 1.
This study examines the HIV knowledge of people living with HIV (PLWH) and its implications for improved healthcare outcomes.
The study design was a descriptive cross-sectional study, and a total of 41 PLWH were recruited from a larger faith-based anti-stigma study. Data was collected using a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SAS. In addition, a literature review was conducted using search engines to gauge existing literature from 2013 to 2022 in areas of HIV knowledge and healthcare outcomes among PLWH.
The 41 PLWH enrolled consisted of 51% males and 49% females. Sixteen (39%) were aged ≥ 51 years, 17 (41%) had been living with HIV for > 10 years, 15 (37%) had < high school diploma, and 100% were currently in HIV care. HIV knowledge scores were below average for 20 (49%) of the PLWH. Substantial knowledge deficits were noted in areas of HIV transmission and risk reduction strategies. Lower scores were not significantly associated with the participant's gender, education level, or length of time being HIV-infected. The results of the literature review showed limited research in this area.
The study and literature review results show that HIV knowledge and health literacy may contribute to racial disparities in retention in care leading to poor health outcomes. Healthcare providers and health facilities in rural areas should be equipped with culturally tailored HIV educational tools to strengthen ongoing care for PLWH, foster patient-provider relationships, and eliminate internalized stigma detrimental to improved healthcare outcomes among PLWH.
本研究调查了人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者（PLWH）的艾滋病知识及其对改善医疗保健结果的影响。
本研究设计为描述性横断面研究，从一项规模更大的基于信仰的反耻辱研究中招募了总共41名PLWH。使用半结构化自填式问卷收集数据，并使用SAS进行分析。此外，使用搜索引擎进行文献综述，以评估2013年至2022年期间关于PLWH的艾滋病知识和医疗保健结果领域的现有文献。
纳入的41名PLWH中，51%为男性，49%为女性。16人（39%）年龄≥51岁，17人（41%）感染艾滋病病毒超过10年，15人（37%）高中文凭以下，100%目前正在接受艾滋病治疗。20名（49%）PLWH的艾滋病知识得分低于平均水平。在艾滋病传播和风险降低策略方面存在大量知识缺陷。较低的得分与参与者的性别、教育水平或感染艾滋病病毒的时间长短没有显著关联。文献综述结果显示该领域研究有限。
研究和文献综述结果表明，艾滋病知识和健康素养可能导致护理留存方面的种族差异，进而导致不良健康结果。农村地区的医疗服务提供者和医疗机构应配备符合文化特点的艾滋病教育工具，以加强对PLWH的持续护理，促进医患关系，并消除对改善PLWH医疗保健结果有害的内化耻辱感。
