Chidrawi H Christa, Greeff Minrie, Temane Q Michael, Ellis Suria
a Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research (AUTHeR) , North-West University , Potchefstroom , South Africa.
Afr J AIDS Res. 2015;14(1):1-12. doi: 10.2989/16085906.2014.961940.
HIV stigma continues to affect the psychosocial wellbeing of people living with HIV (PLWH) and people living close to them (PLC). Literature unequivocally holds the view that HIV stigma and psychosocial wellbeing interact with and have an impact on each other. This study, which is part of a larger research project funded by the South Africa Netherlands research Programme on Alternatives in Development (SANPAD), responds to the lack of interventions mitigating the impactful interaction of HIV stigma and psychosocial wellbeing and tests one such intervention. The research objectives were to test the changeover-time in the psychosocial wellbeing of PLWH and PLC in an urban and a rural setting, following a comprehensive community-based HIV stigma reduction and wellness enhancement intervention. An experimental quantitative single system research design with a pre- and four repetitive post-tests was used, conducting purposive voluntary sampling for PLWH (n = 18) and snowball sampling for PLC (n = 60). The average age of participants was 34 years old. The five measuring instruments used for both groups were the mental health continuum short-form scale, the patient health questionnaire, the satisfaction with life scale, the coping self-efficacy scale and the spirituality wellbeing scale. No significant differences were found between the urban-rural settings and data were pooled for analysis. The findings show that initial psychosocial wellbeing changes after the intervention were better sustained (over time) by the PLC than by the PLWH and seemed to be strengthened by interpersonal interaction. Recommendations included that the intervention should be re-utilised and that its tenets, content and activities be retained. A second intervention three to six months after the first should be included to achieve more sustainability and to add focused activities for the enhancement of psychosocial wellbeing. PLWH and PLC are to be encouraged to engage with innovative community mechanisms to make psychosocial wellbeing a way of life in the community at large.
艾滋病毒污名化继续影响着艾滋病毒感染者（PLWH）及其周围人群（PLC）的心理健康。文献明确认为，艾滋病毒污名化与心理健康相互作用并相互影响。本研究是由南非荷兰发展替代方案研究计划（SANPAD）资助的一个更大研究项目的一部分，旨在应对缺乏减轻艾滋病毒污名化与心理健康之间有影响的相互作用的干预措施的问题，并测试其中一种干预措施。研究目标是在实施一项全面的基于社区的减少艾滋病毒污名化和促进健康的干预措施之后，测试城市和农村地区PLWH和PLC心理健康随时间的变化情况。采用了一种实验性定量单系统研究设计，进行了一次前测和四次重复后测，对PLWH进行了目的抽样（n = 18），对PLC进行了雪球抽样（n = 60）。参与者的平均年龄为34岁。两组使用的五种测量工具分别是心理健康连续体简表、患者健康问卷、生活满意度量表、应对自我效能量表和精神健康量表。城乡之间未发现显著差异，因此将数据合并进行分析。研究结果表明，干预后最初的心理健康变化在PLC中（随着时间推移）比在PLWH中得到了更好的维持，并且似乎通过人际互动得到了加强。建议包括应重新利用该干预措施，并保留其原则、内容和活动。应在第一次干预后的三到六个月进行第二次干预，以实现更高的可持续性，并增加旨在促进心理健康的重点活动。应鼓励PLWH和PLC参与创新的社区机制，以使心理健康成为整个社区的一种生活方式。
