Liu Xu, Mariani Alessandro, Adenusi Henry, Passerini Stefano
Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstraße 11, 89081 Ulm (Germany), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021, UlmKarlsruhe, Germany.
Present address: ELETTRA Synchrotron of Trieste, 34012 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2023 Apr 17;62(17):e202219318. doi: 10.1002/anie.202219318. Epub 2023 Feb 15.
Non-flammable ionic liquid electrolytes (ILEs) are well-known candidates for safer and long-lifespan lithium metal batteries (LMBs). However, the high viscosity and insufficient Li transport limit their practical application. Recently, non-solvating and low-viscosity co-solvents diluting ILEs without affecting the local Li solvation structure are employed to solve these problems. The diluted electrolytes, i.e., locally concentrated ionic liquid electrolytes (LCILEs), exhibiting lower viscosity, faster Li transport, and enhanced compatibility toward lithium metal anodes, are feasible options for the next-generation high-energy-density LMBs. Herein, the progress of the recently developed LCILEs are summarised, including their physicochemical properties, solution structures, and applications in LMBs with a variety of high-energy cathode materials. Lastly, a perspective on the future research directions of LCILEs to further understanding and achieve improved cell performances is outlined.
不可燃离子液体电解质（ILEs）是更安全、长寿命锂金属电池（LMBs）的著名候选材料。然而，高粘度和锂传输不足限制了它们的实际应用。最近，采用不影响局部锂溶剂化结构的非溶剂化、低粘度共溶剂来稀释ILEs以解决这些问题。稀释后的电解质，即局部浓集离子液体电解质（LCILEs），具有较低的粘度、更快的锂传输速率以及对锂金属负极增强的兼容性，是下一代高能量密度LMBs的可行选择。在此，总结了最近开发的LCILEs的进展，包括它们的物理化学性质、溶液结构以及在具有各种高能量正极材料的LMBs中的应用。最后，概述了关于LCILEs未来研究方向的展望，以进一步理解并实现电池性能的提升。
