Adverse events and SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses after immunization with Sputnik V, ChAdOx1-S, and BBIBP-CorV vaccines in people with HIV.

OBJECTIVE

This study describes adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) and the development of SARS-COV-2 antibodies after Sputnik V, AstraZeneca, and Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccination in people with HIV (PWH).

METHODS

In total, 595 adult PWH at an HIV center in Argentina from March to December 2021 were enrolled. Analysis included participants who received COVID-19 vaccination with Sputnik V, AstraZeneca, and Sinopharm, and did not receive mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. Clinical data, and local or systemic AEFI variables were collected using an online questionnaire after the first dose. Detection of S1-RBD IgG antibodies was performed between days 28 and 60 after the second dose in a subsample (SARS-CoV-2 IgG chemiluminescent immunoassay; Siemens). A multivariable logistic regression and spearman test were used for analyses.

RESULTS

Mean age was 46.1 years (SD = 11.8); 70.4% were men; and median CD4 + T cells count was 659 (500-852) cells/μl. AEFIs were reported in 214 (36.0%) participants. More participants reported AEFIs after Sputnik V (29.4%) and AstraZeneca (47.5%) than Sinopharm (13.9%) (χ 2  = 35.85, P  < 0.001). Higher odds of reporting an AEFIs were associated with receiving Sputnik V [aOR = 2.90; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.40-6.04; P  = 0.004] and AstraZeneca (aOR = 5.38; 95% CI = 2.63-11.01; P  < 0.001) compared with Sinopharm. Lower odds were associated with age (aOR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.95-0.99; P  < 0.001). Overall, 76 (95.0%) individuals assessed for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody reached S1-RBD IgG antibody titers at least 1 U/ml; mean titer was 51.3 (SD = 51.07) U/ml. Higher antibody titers correlated with higher CD4 + T cells count (Rho = 0.280; P  = 0.012).

CONCLUSION

NonmRNA vaccines showed a good safety profile and adequate SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses among PWH suggesting adequate protection to SARS-CoV-2.