Nurs Res. 2023;72(2):158-163. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000637. Epub 2022 Dec 7.
Neuroimaging tools, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, are useful in understanding differences in brain activity that predict behavior change. Designing interventions based on brain activity and response may enhance current self-management regimens. Yet, diverse groups, such as Black women with chronic illness, have historically been left out of neuroimaging research.
The aims of this study were to assess (a) the feasibility of conducting neuroimaging research among Black women with hypertension and (b) the predictors of willingness to participate in future studies.
A survey designed to assess interest in participating in neuroimaging research was distributed through a Facebook campaign targeting Metro-Detroit Blacks with hypertension. A 10-minute, 44-item survey queried the women regarding their perspectives related to participation in neuroimaging studies. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to predict willingness to participate in a future study; they included a range of predictors: demographic indicators, history of blood pressure diagnosis, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and availability of a support person who could accompany the participant to a future study session.
Two hundred fifty-seven Black women completed the survey. On average, the women were 59 years old, had been diagnosed with hypertension for 14 years, and had a systolic blood pressure of 141 mmHg. Participants were willing to travel 40 miles to participate, and many preferred to drive a personal vehicle. Some women were claustrophobic (20%) or had metal in their bodies (13%) and, therefore, would likely be ineligible to participate in neuroimaging studies. Some were nervous about the "small space" of a scanner, but others stated they would "enjoy participating" and wanted to "help future people…get well." Women who had a support person to attend their appointment with them were almost 4 times more likely to state they would participate in future studies. Those who had been diagnosed with hypertension for more than 11 years (the median) were almost 3 times more likely to report interest in participating in a future study than those participants who had been diagnosed with hypertension for 11 years or less.
Black women with hypertension were interested and eligible to participate in neuroimaging research. Despite some of the facilitators and barriers we identified, the women in our sample were interested in participating in future studies. The presence of a support person and length of time with a hypertension diagnosis are important predictors of willingness to participate in a future study.
神经影像学工具，如功能磁共振成像，可用于了解预测行为改变的大脑活动差异。基于大脑活动和反应设计干预措施可能会增强当前的自我管理方案。然而，黑人女性等不同群体在神经影像学研究中历来被忽视。
本研究旨在评估 (a) 在患有高血压的黑人女性中开展神经影像学研究的可行性，以及 (b) 参与未来研究的意愿的预测因素。
通过一项针对底特律黑人高血压患者的 Facebook 运动，分发了一项旨在评估对神经影像学研究参与兴趣的调查。一项 10 分钟、44 项的调查询问了女性对参与神经影像学研究的看法。逻辑回归分析用于预测参与未来研究的意愿；他们包括一系列预测因素：人口统计学指标、血压诊断史、收缩压和舒张压，以及是否有一名可以陪同参与者参加未来研究会议的支持人员。
257 名黑人女性完成了调查。平均而言，这些女性年龄为 59 岁，被诊断患有高血压 14 年，收缩压为 141mmHg。参与者愿意旅行 40 英里参加研究，许多人更喜欢开自己的车。一些女性有幽闭恐惧症（20%）或体内有金属（13%），因此可能不符合神经影像学研究的条件。一些女性对扫描仪的“小空间”感到紧张，但也有一些女性表示她们会“享受参与”并希望“帮助未来的人……康复”。有支持人员陪同他们就诊的女性表示愿意参与未来研究的可能性几乎是其他女性的 4 倍。那些被诊断患有高血压超过 11 年（中位数）的女性表示愿意参与未来研究的可能性几乎是被诊断患有高血压 11 年或更短时间的女性的 3 倍。
患有高血压的黑人女性对参与神经影像学研究感兴趣并且有资格参与。尽管我们发现了一些促进因素和障碍，但我们样本中的女性对参与未来研究很感兴趣。支持人员的存在和高血压诊断时间的长短是参与未来研究意愿的重要预测因素。
