Whatman Chris, van den Berg Carla, Black Amanda M, West Stephen, Hagel Brent, Eliason Paul, Emery Carolyn
Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Clin J Sport Med. 2023 May 1;33(3):233-238. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000001100. Epub 2022 Nov 11.
To describe levels of sport specialization in Canadian high school students and investigate whether sport specialization and/or sport participation volume is associated with the history of musculoskeletal injury and/or concussion.
Cross-sectional study.
High schools, Alberta, Canada.
High school students (14-19 years) participating in various sports.
Level of sport specialization (high, moderate, low) and sport participation volume (hours per week and months per year).
Twelve-month injury history (musculoskeletal and concussion).
Of the 1504 students who completed the survey, 31% were categorized as highly specialized (7.5% before the age of 12 years). Using multivariable, negative, binomial regression (adjusted for sex, age, total yearly training hours, and clustering by school), highly specialized students had a significantly higher musculoskeletal injury rate [incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.36, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07-1.73] but not lower extremity injury or concussion rate, compared with low specialization students. Participating in one sport for more than 8 months of the year significantly increased the musculoskeletal injury rate (IRR = 1.27, 95% CI, 1.02-1.58). Increased training hours significantly increased the musculoskeletal injury rate (IRR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.13-1.25), lower extremity injury rate (IRR = 1.16, 95% CI, 1.09-1.24), and concussion rate (IRR = 1.31, 95% CI, 1.24-1.39).
Approximately one-third of Canadian high school students playing sports were categorized as highly specialized. The musculoskeletal injury rate was higher for high sport specialization students compared with low sport specialization students. Musculoskeletal injuries and concussion were also more common in students who train more and spend greater than 8 months per year in one sport.
描述加拿大高中生的运动专项化水平，并调查运动专项化和/或运动参与量是否与肌肉骨骼损伤史和/或脑震荡相关。
横断面研究。
加拿大艾伯塔省的高中。
参与各种运动的高中生（14 - 19岁）。
运动专项化水平（高、中、低）和运动参与量（每周小时数和每年月数）。
十二个月的损伤史（肌肉骨骼损伤和脑震荡）。
在完成调查的1504名学生中，31%被归类为高度专项化（12岁之前开始专项化的占7.5%）。使用多变量负二项回归（对性别、年龄、每年总训练小时数和学校聚类进行调整），与低专项化学生相比，高度专项化学生的肌肉骨骼损伤率显著更高[发病率比（IRR）= 1.36，95%置信区间（CI），1.07 - 1.73]，但下肢损伤率或脑震荡率并未降低。每年参加一项运动超过8个月会显著增加肌肉骨骼损伤率（IRR = 1.27，95% CI，1.02 - 1.58）。训练小时数增加会显著增加肌肉骨骼损伤率（IRR = 1.18，95% CI，1.13 - 1.25）、下肢损伤率（IRR = 1.16，95% CI，1.09 - 1.24）和脑震荡率（IRR = 1.31，95% CI，1.24 - 1.39）。
约三分之一参加运动的加拿大高中生被归类为高度专项化。与低运动专项化学生相比，高运动专项化学生的肌肉骨骼损伤率更高。在每年训练更多且参加一项运动超过8个月的学生中，肌肉骨骼损伤和脑震荡也更常见。
