From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia.
Urogynecology (Phila). 2023 May 1;29(5):520-527. doi: 10.1097/SPV.0000000000001296. Epub 2022 Nov 11.
Epidemiologic studies of incontinence largely focus on parous women, and there are limited data regarding nulliparous women. Our objectives were to evaluate risk factors for urinary incontinence among a nationally representative, contemporary sample of nulliparous women of all ages in the United States and to describe the prevalence and subtypes of urinary incontinence and nocturia in this population.
This cross-sectional, population-based study used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles 2011-2018 to assemble a sample of nulliparous women 20-80 years old. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were estimated using multivariable logistic regression for the exposures of interest: body mass index (BMI), age, physical activity, prior hysterectomy, and current smoking. Prevalence of urinary incontinence and nocturia were estimated.
Among 1,603 nulliparous women, prevalence of any urinary incontinence was 29.38%. Prevalence of stress, urgency, and mixed urinary incontinence and nocturia, respectively, were 27.68%, 19.64%, 10.57%, and 58.95%. Women with a BMI ≥25 (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-2.23), at least 45 years (aOR, 3.75; 95% CI, 2.31-5.83), and current smoking (aOR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.07-2.49) had increased the odds of incontinence compared with women without these risk factors. When stress urinary incontinence (SUI) was considered alone, only women with a BMI ≥25 (aOR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.20-2.31) and age at least 45 years (aOR, 3.17; 95% CI, 2.01-5.00) had increased odds of SUI compared with women without these risk factors.
Urinary incontinence and nocturia are prevalent in nulliparous women, and age, elevated BMI, and current smoking may represent risk factors for incontinence in this population.
incontinence 的流行病学研究主要集中在多产妇妇女身上，关于未产妇的资料有限。我们的目的是评估美国所有年龄段的未产妇中尿失禁的风险因素，并描述该人群中尿失禁和夜尿症的患病率和亚型。
本横断面、基于人群的研究使用了 2011-2018 年全国健康和营养调查周期，组成了一个 20-80 岁未产妇的样本。使用多变量逻辑回归估计了感兴趣的暴露因素的粗和调整后的优势比：体重指数（BMI）、年龄、身体活动、先前的子宫切除术和当前吸烟。估计了尿失禁和夜尿症的患病率。
在 1603 名未产妇中，任何类型尿失禁的患病率为 29.38%。压力性、急迫性和混合性尿失禁以及夜尿症的患病率分别为 27.68%、19.64%、10.57%和 58.95%。BMI≥25（体重以千克为单位除以身高以米为单位计算；调整后的优势比[aOR]，1.57；95%置信区间[CI]，1.11-2.23）、至少 45 岁（aOR，3.75；95%CI，2.31-5.83）和当前吸烟（aOR，1.63；95%CI，1.07-2.49）的女性与没有这些危险因素的女性相比，尿失禁的几率增加。当单独考虑压力性尿失禁（SUI）时，只有 BMI≥25（aOR，1.66；95%CI，1.20-2.31）和年龄至少 45 岁（aOR，3.17；95%CI，2.01-5.00）的女性与没有这些危险因素的女性相比，SUI 的几率增加。
尿失禁和夜尿症在未产妇中很常见，年龄、BMI 升高和当前吸烟可能是该人群尿失禁的危险因素。
