University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, ON.
Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON.
Can J Ophthalmol. 2024 Apr;59(2):e142-e148. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2023.01.007. Epub 2023 Jan 31.
In this study we aim to determine seasonal patterns underlying optic neuritis (ON) onset that may provide valuable epidemiologic information and help delineate causative or protective factors.
Single-centre retrospective chart review.
A database search of centralized electronic health records was completed using diagnostic codes employed at the Ottawa Eye Institute for data collection. Charts were reviewed for documentation supporting a diagnosis of ON falling into the following categories: multiple sclerosis ON and clinically isolated syndrome ON, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein ON, neuromyelitis optica ON, and idiopathic ON. Date of onset, biological sex, and age were extracted from each chart. Data were analyzed for calculation of frequency by season and overall pooled seasonal trends of all cases of ON.
From the 218 included patients with ON, there was no statistically significant seasonal correlation. The overall trend of ON was lowest in winter and spring (22% and 23%, respectively) and highest in summer and fall (28% and 27% respective). Divided further, multiple sclerosis ON or clinically isolated syndrome ON rates (n = 144) were lowest in the spring (21%) and highest in fall (29%); myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein ON rates (n = 25) were lowest in winter (16%) and highest in summer and fall (both at 32%); neuromyelitis optica ON rates (n = 16) were lowest in fall (12.5%) and highest in winter and summer (both at 31.25%); and idiopathic ON rates (n = 33) were lowest in fall (18%) and highest in spring (33%).
The overall ON seasonal trend appears to have a predilection for the summer and fall months, which may be explained by warmer weather and viral infections as risk factors for multiple sclerosis relapse during those seasons.
本研究旨在确定视神经炎（ON）发病的季节性模式，这些模式可能提供有价值的流行病学信息，并有助于确定病因或保护因素。
单中心回顾性图表审查。
使用渥太华眼科研究所用于数据收集的诊断代码，对集中电子健康记录进行数据库搜索。对病历进行了审查，以确定符合以下类别之一的 ON 诊断的记录：多发性硬化性 ON 和临床孤立综合征性 ON、髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白性 ON、视神经脊髓炎性 ON 和特发性 ON。从每份病历中提取发病日期、生物性别和年龄。分析数据以计算每个季节的频率，并对所有 ON 病例的总体季节性趋势进行汇总。
在 218 例纳入的 ON 患者中，没有统计学上的季节性相关性。ON 的总体趋势在冬季和春季最低（分别为 22%和 23%），夏季和秋季最高（分别为 28%和 27%）。进一步细分，多发性硬化性 ON 或临床孤立综合征性 ON 发生率（n=144）春季最低（21%），秋季最高（29%）；髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白性 ON 发生率（n=25）冬季最低（16%），夏季和秋季最高（均为 32%）；视神经脊髓炎性 ON 发生率（n=16）秋季最低（12.5%），冬季和夏季最高（均为 31.25%）；特发性 ON 发生率（n=33）秋季最低（18%），春季最高（33%）。
总体 ON 季节性趋势似乎倾向于夏季和秋季，这可能是由于这些季节温暖的天气和病毒感染等多发性硬化症复发的危险因素所致。
