Köhler T
Psychologisches Institut III der Universität Hamburg.
Z Rheumatol. 1987 Jul-Aug;46(4):183-8.
Empirical studies concerning the psychogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis are critically reviewed. Alexander's thesis that patients' suppressed aggressive impulses lead to increased muscle tension and hence to articular lesions has not thus far been given sufficient empirical support; there is not much evidence that people with rheumatoid arthritis show specific personality features, either. Human studies have not yet clearly demonstrated a connection between stressful life events and the onset or exacerbation of the disease; animal studies, in which the influence of stress on the development of rheumatoid symptoms was examined experimentally, have not yielded unambiguous results. However, these somewhat disappointing findings should not lead to the premature conclusion that psychological factors play no part in the development of rheumatoid arthritis.
关于类风湿性关节炎心理成因的实证研究受到了批判性审视。亚历山大提出的观点，即患者被压抑的攻击冲动会导致肌肉紧张加剧，进而引发关节病变，但迄今为止尚未得到充分的实证支持；也没有太多证据表明类风湿性关节炎患者具有特定的人格特征。人体研究尚未明确证明应激性生活事件与该疾病的发作或加重之间存在关联；动物研究通过实验检验了压力对类风湿症状发展的影响，但并未得出明确结果。然而，这些略显令人失望的发现不应导致过早得出心理因素在类风湿性关节炎发展过程中不起作用的结论。
