Electrophysiological (EEG, BAEP, VEP) study in patients with beta-thalassemia major.

Twenty-four patients affected by beta-thalassemia major were studied by means of combined EEG, VEP and BAEP recordings. All the subjects were treated with regular blood transfusions and chelating therapy (DFO). An elevated incidence of EEG abnormalities (70.8%) consisting of diffused slow waves and/or diffused small sharp spikes was seen. VEP P100 latency was abnormally prolonged in eight patients (33.3%). Furthermore, a voltage increase of N75-P100 (29%) and P100-N145 (33.3%) VEP components was observed. Mean latency and voltage values were significantly increased when compared with those of a control group. No BAEP alterations were observed. No correlations were found between electrophysiological data, serum ferritin levels and transfusional treatment duration. The possible mechanisms involved in provoking such electrophysiological abnormalities are discussed.