Vaglum S, Vaglum P
Psychiatric Department B, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1987 Aug;76(2):183-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1987.tb02882.x.
Sixty-four female alcoholic psychiatric patients were interviewed with a semistructured clinical interview and the standardized interviews: SADS and SSP. The drinking histories were classified into two pre-alcoholic phases: the sporadic and the regular drinking phases; and two alcoholic phases: the escalating and the established phases. Age of abuse, the presence of major depression, schizophrenic psychosis, borderline and schizotypal personality disorder, primary or secondary abuse, number of alcoholic partners, attribution of causes of abuse, and marital state were related to one or several phases. Age of first drink, social class, alcoholism in parents and drug abuse were not. The study demonstrates the diversity of pathways to alcoholism in women, and shows the importance of studying different phases separately. A subgroup with "rapid changes" to a high, stable abuse was characterized by a high frequency of major depression and relationship problems.
对64名患有酒精问题的女性精神病患者进行了半结构化临床访谈以及标准化访谈：情感障碍和精神分裂症评定量表（SADS）和社会功能评定量表（SSP）。饮酒史被分为两个酗酒前阶段：偶尔饮酒阶段和经常饮酒阶段；以及两个酗酒阶段：饮酒量增加阶段和饮酒习惯确立阶段。滥用酒精的年龄、是否存在重度抑郁、精神分裂症性精神病、边缘型和分裂型人格障碍、原发性或继发性滥用、酗酒伴侣的数量、滥用原因的归因以及婚姻状况与一个或多个阶段相关。首次饮酒年龄、社会阶层、父母酗酒情况和药物滥用情况则与之无关。该研究证明了女性酗酒途径的多样性，并表明分别研究不同阶段的重要性。一个具有“快速变化”至高度、稳定滥用特征的亚组，其重度抑郁和人际关系问题的发生率较高。
