Costa-Beber Lílian Corrêa, Goettems-Fiorin Pauline Brendler, Dos Santos Jaíne Borges, Friske Paula Taís, Frizzo Matias Nunes, Heck Thiago Gomes, Ludwig Mirna Stela
Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande do Sul State (UNIJUI), Rua do Comércio, 3000 - Bairro Universitário, Ijuí, RS 98700-000, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS-UNIJUÍ/UNICRUZ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil.
Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande do Sul State (UNIJUI), Rua do Comércio, 3000 - Bairro Universitário, Ijuí, RS 98700-000, Brazil; Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Life Sci. 2023 Mar 15;317:121468. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121468. Epub 2023 Feb 2.
Obesity and particulate air pollutant (PM) are important risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases. PM exacerbates insulin resistance and lipid ectopic deposition in obese animals. The inorganic fraction of PM the Residual Oil Fly Ash (ROFA), is related to cardiovascular events, by enhancing the generation of reactive species, inflammatory cytokines, and leukocyte activation. However, the synergistic effects of ROFA and a high-fat diet (HFD) are still poorly described, and the studies were mainly conducted with males.
To investigate if ROFA could potentiate the cardiometabolic effects of diet-induced obesity in female rats.
Wistar female rats were divided into four groups: Control (n = 6), Polluted (n = 6), HFD (n = 6), and HFD + Polluted (n = 6). HFD and HFD + Polluted received a high-fat diet (HFD) (58.3 % as fats), whilst Control and Polluted groups received a standard diet (Nuvilab CR-1). In addition, Polluted and HFD + Polluted groups received intranasal instillation of ROFA (250 μg/50 μL), while Control and HFD groups received saline solution (50 μL) daily, five days per week. Both interventions occurred 24 weeks after the animals were euthanized.
HFD combined with ROFA exposure impaired lipid profile challenged systemic and cardiac antioxidant defense, and presented a synergistic effect in inducing an immune-inflammatory condition. We found that the lipid profile disturbance is associated with HFD-induced hepatic, but not cardiac, deposition of triglycerides in female animals.
Our results support the hypothesis that ROFA exposure combined with bad feeding can exacerbate metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
肥胖和颗粒物空气污染（PM）是心脏代谢疾病的重要危险因素。PM会加剧肥胖动物的胰岛素抵抗和脂质异位沉积。PM的无机成分，即残油飞灰（ROFA），通过增强活性物质、炎性细胞因子的生成以及白细胞活化，与心血管事件相关。然而，ROFA与高脂饮食（HFD）的协同作用仍鲜为人知，且相关研究主要在雄性动物中进行。
研究ROFA是否会增强饮食诱导的肥胖对雌性大鼠心脏代谢的影响。
将Wistar雌性大鼠分为四组：对照组（n = 6）、污染组（n = 6）、高脂饮食组（n = 6）和高脂饮食+污染组（n = 6）。高脂饮食组和高脂饮食+污染组给予高脂饮食（HFD）（脂肪含量为58.3%），而对照组和污染组给予标准饮食（Nuvilab CR - 1）。此外，污染组和高脂饮食+污染组每周五天每天经鼻滴注ROFA（250μg/50μL），而对照组和高脂饮食组每天给予生理盐水（50μL）。两种干预均在动物安乐死后24周进行。
高脂饮食与ROFA暴露相结合会损害血脂水平，挑战全身和心脏的抗氧化防御，并在诱导免疫炎症状态方面呈现协同作用。我们发现，在雌性动物中，血脂水平紊乱与高脂饮食诱导的肝脏而非心脏甘油三酯沉积有关。
我们的结果支持以下假设，即ROFA暴露与不良饮食相结合会加剧代谢和心血管疾病。
