Graduate Institute of Food Safety, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
Food Res Int. 2023 Feb;164:112344. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112344. Epub 2022 Dec 24.
Hypertrophy of adipose tissues and dysbiosis are hallmarks of obesity. Although drugs are applied for obesity treatment, side effects limit their use. The anti-obesity capacity of rosmarinic acid (RA) has been documented. Trichodesma khasianum Clarke is an edible RA-rich plant grown in Taiwan. Our previous study found that an 80 % ethanol extract of T. khasianum Clarke leaves (80EETC) ameliorates gastric mucosal damage through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and microbiota modulation abilities. However, the anti-obesity effect of 80EETC remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the protective effects of low-dose 80EETC (125 mg/kg b.w., 80EETCL) or high-dose 80EETC (250 mg/kg b.w., 80EETCH) on obesity development through gut microbiota modulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced C57BL/6 mice. The results showed a high RA content (89.2 ± 7.4 mg/g) in 80EETC. 80EETC administration significantly decreased body weight, body fat ratio, serum lipid levels (TC, TG, and LDL-C), adipose tissue accumulation, malondialdehyde (MDA), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, supplementation with 80EETC reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and enhanced the relative abundance of gut microbiota (p_Bacteroidetes, f_Lactobacillus, f_Muribaculaceae, f_Prevotellaceae, g_Lactobacillus, g_Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, g_Ruminococcaceae_UCG-013, and g_Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014), which negatively correlated with obesity-related factors such as body weight, energy intake, fat accumulation in adipose tissue, TC, TG, LDL, and MDA. In conclusion, RA-rich 80EETC had a protective effect against obesity development and it has potential in healthy food applications.
脂肪组织肥大和菌群失调是肥胖的标志。虽然有药物可用于肥胖治疗，但副作用限制了它们的使用。迷迭香酸（RA）具有抗肥胖能力已得到证实。台湾产的 Trichodesma khasianum Clarke 是一种富含 RA 的可食用植物。我们之前的研究发现，Trichodesma khasianum Clarke 叶的 80%乙醇提取物（80EETC）通过其抗炎、抗氧化和调节微生物群的能力改善胃黏膜损伤。然而，80EETC 的抗肥胖作用尚不清楚。因此，本研究旨在通过调节高脂肪饮食（HFD）诱导的 C57BL/6 小鼠的肠道微生物群，探索低剂量 80EETC（125mg/kg b.w.，80EETCL）或高剂量 80EETC（250mg/kg b.w.，80EETCH）对肥胖发展的保护作用。结果表明，80EETC 中含有高 RA 含量（89.2±7.4mg/g）。80EETC 给药可显著降低 HFD 喂养小鼠的体重、体脂比、血清脂质水平（TC、TG 和 LDL-C）、脂肪组织积累、丙二醛（MDA）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）。此外，补充 80EETC 可降低厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门的比例，并增强肠道微生物群的相对丰度（p_Bacteroidetes、f_Lactobacillus、f_Muribaculaceae、f_Prevotellaceae、g_Lactobacillus、g_Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group、g_Ruminococcaceae_UCG-013 和 g_Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014），与肥胖相关因素呈负相关，如体重、能量摄入、脂肪在脂肪组织中的积累、TC、TG、LDL 和 MDA。总之，富含 RA 的 80EETC 对肥胖发展具有保护作用，在健康食品应用中具有潜力。
