School of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China.
Beijing Key Laboratory of New Energy and Low-Carbon Development, (North China Electric Power University), Beijing, 102206, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Apr;30(16):47438-47454. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-25381-2. Epub 2023 Feb 4.
As a major carbon-emitting country, China has considerable potential for carbon capture and storage (CCS) applications, but economics is critical for CCS deployment. In this study, the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) at province level was calculated for operational coal-fired power plants after post-combustion carbon capture (CC) retrofitting. The costs of captured CO and avoided CO were then compared. The economics of CC-retrofitted coal-fired power plants co-firing with biomass (BECC) were also analyzed. CC retrofitting is economical in North and Northwest China (except Qinghai) where coal prices are low. However, BECC retrofit is more suitable for coal-fired power plants in Central China where biomass prices are low. Therefore, the variation in the resource conditions among provinces should be considered when promoting CC and BECC retrofits. Compared with other power sources, coal-fired power generation becomes much more expensive after retrofits. We calculated the carbon price and capacity subsidy intensity that could support the retrofit of coal units. Effective carbon price should be 142.44-406.06 CNY/t for retrofits, and the capacity subsidy intensity ranges from 175.14-721.52 CNY/kW. The current carbon market and capacity market are not sufficiently developed to support retrofitting. The development of the carbon market with effective carbon price signals and proper power market mechanisms is critical to the rollout of CCS in China.
作为一个主要的碳排放国家，中国在碳捕获和封存（CCS）应用方面有相当大的潜力，但经济性对于 CCS 的部署至关重要。在本研究中，对已安装后燃烧碳捕获（CC）改造的现役燃煤电厂进行了省级平准发电成本（LCOE）计算。然后比较了捕获 CO 和避免 CO 的成本。还分析了生物质（BECC）混烧 CC 改造的燃煤电厂的经济性。在煤炭价格较低的中国北方和西北地区（青海除外），CC 改造具有经济性。然而，对于生物质价格较低的中国中部地区的燃煤电厂，BECC 改造更为合适。因此，在推广 CC 和 BECC 改造时，应考虑各省资源条件的变化。与其他电源相比，燃煤发电在改造后变得更加昂贵。我们计算了支持煤电机组改造的碳价和容量补贴强度。有效的碳价应为 142.44-406.06 CNY/t，容量补贴强度范围为 175.14-721.52 CNY/kW。目前的碳市场和容量市场还不够发达，无法支持改造。具有有效碳价信号和适当电力市场机制的碳市场的发展对于在中国推广 CCS 至关重要。
