Department of Small Ruminant Health, Royal GD, P.O. Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, the Netherlands.
Veterinary Practice for Farm Animals (ULP), Reijerscopse Overgang 1, 3481 LZ Harmelen, the Netherlands.
Prev Vet Med. 2023 Apr;213:105865. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.105865. Epub 2023 Feb 1.
Monitoring and surveillance systems have an increasingly important role in contemporary society ensuring high levels of animal health and welfare, securing export positions, and protecting public health by ensuring animal health and product safety. In the Netherlands, a voluntary monitoring and surveillance system is in place since 2003 to provide a broad overview of livestock trends in addition to disease-specific surveillance systems, including insight into the occurrence and prevalence of new and emerging non-notifiable diseases and disorders. Being a major surveillance component of this monitoring and surveillance system for small ruminant health in the Netherlands, an annual data analysis on routine census data is performed to retrospectively monitor trends and developments regarding goat health and welfare. This paper aims to describe the process of the data analysis on goat farms in the Netherlands in 2020 and subsequent results are discussed. The data analysis provides key monitoring indicators such as animal and farm density, mortality, animal movements, and numbers and origin of imported small ruminants. Trends were analysed over a five-year, period and associations between herd characteristics and herd health are evaluated. Results showed that in 2020 the Dutch goat population consisted of 670,842 goats, distributed over 14,730 unique herds and increased by 2.3 % compared to 2019. Between 2016 and 2020, although probably underestimated, recorded mortality rates showed a decline on both small-scale and professional farms, with a strongest decrease on farms with herd sizes over more than 200 animals. Seventy-five percent of all professional farms registered animal introductions, in addition to 63 % of small-scale farms, including 2439 imported goats. Performing risks analyses requires demographic knowledge of the goat industry. During and after several disease outbreaks, such as bluetongue and Schmallenberg virus disease, the data analysis proved to function as a valuable tool, however, appeared just as important for recording outbreak-free data. Since its start in 2006, the concept of the data-analysis has continuously been improved, and will in the future be further developed, especially if more complete data sets become available. Subsequently, data analysis will increasingly support monitoring and surveillance of goat health and welfare.
监测和监视系统在当代社会中发挥着越来越重要的作用，确保高水平的动物健康和福利，确保出口地位，并通过确保动物健康和产品安全来保护公共健康。在荷兰，自 2003 年以来，建立了一个自愿监测和监视系统，除了疾病特定的监视系统外，还提供了对牲畜趋势的广泛概述，包括对新出现的非通报疾病和疾病的发生和流行情况的了解。作为荷兰小反刍动物健康监测和监视系统的主要监视组成部分，对常规普查数据进行年度数据分析，以回顾性监测山羊健康和福利的趋势和发展。本文旨在描述 2020 年荷兰山羊养殖场数据分析的过程，并讨论随后的结果。数据分析提供了关键的监测指标，如动物和农场密度、死亡率、动物流动以及进口小反刍动物的数量和来源。对五年的趋势进行了分析，并评估了畜群特征与畜群健康之间的关系。结果表明，2020 年荷兰山羊种群由 670,842 只山羊组成，分布在 14,730 个独特的畜群中，比 2019 年增加了 2.3%。2016 年至 2020 年期间，尽管可能被低估，记录的死亡率在小型和专业农场都有所下降，在畜群规模超过 200 只的农场下降幅度最大。75%的专业农场和 63%的小型农场都有动物引进记录，其中包括 2439 只进口山羊。进行风险分析需要了解山羊行业的人口统计学知识。在蓝舌病和舍曼贝格病毒病等几次疫情期间和之后，数据分析被证明是一种有价值的工具，然而，对于记录无疫情数据同样重要。自 2006 年开始以来，数据分析的概念不断得到改进，并且将来还会进一步发展，特别是如果获得更完整的数据集。随后，数据分析将越来越多地支持山羊健康和福利的监测和监视。
