Tabaei Samira, Haghshenas Mohammad Reza, Webster Thomas J, Ghaderi Abbas
Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Anal Biochem. 2023 Apr 1;666:115074. doi: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115074. Epub 2023 Feb 2.
Urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) is a heterogeneous multifactorial malignancy with a high recurrence rate. Current procedures for UBC diagnosis suffering from the lack of clinical sensitivity and specificity screening tests. Therefore, biomarkers have promising values to predict pathological conditions and can be considered as effective targets for early diagnosis, prognosis and antitumor immunotherapy. Recently, researchers have been interested for tumor proteins as biomarkers for different diseases. At present, proteomics methods have rapidly progressive that has potential identified biomarkers of UBC. Specifically, there has been several studies on the potential application of proteomics for the identification, quantification, and profiling of proteins for UBC in different sources. Based on these studies, using the panel of biomarkers as proteomic patterns may achieve higher sensitivity and specificity than single proteins in the diagnosis of UBC. In the present review, we evaluate recent literature related to the UBC proteome focusing especially on new proteomics techniques. Moreover, we classify UBC tumor biomarkers as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets based on their sources (urine, serum/plasm, cell line, and tumor tissue) and we also discuss the advantages and limitations of each source. In this manner, this review article provides a critical assessment presentation of the advances in proteomics for all aspects of UBC diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment based on sources.
尿路上皮膀胱癌（UBC）是一种具有高复发率的异质性多因素恶性肿瘤。目前用于UBC诊断的方法缺乏临床敏感性和特异性筛查测试。因此，生物标志物在预测病理状况方面具有重要价值，可被视为早期诊断、预后和抗肿瘤免疫治疗的有效靶点。最近，研究人员对肿瘤蛋白作为不同疾病的生物标志物产生了兴趣。目前，蛋白质组学方法发展迅速，有潜力识别UBC的生物标志物。具体而言，已经有多项关于蛋白质组学在不同来源中对UBC蛋白质进行鉴定、定量和分析的潜在应用的研究。基于这些研究，使用生物标志物组合作为蛋白质组学模式在UBC诊断中可能比单一蛋白质具有更高的敏感性和特异性。在本综述中，我们评估了与UBC蛋白质组相关的近期文献，特别关注新的蛋白质组学技术。此外，我们根据UBC肿瘤生物标志物的来源（尿液、血清/血浆、细胞系和肿瘤组织）将其分类为诊断、预后和治疗靶点，并讨论了每种来源的优缺点。通过这种方式，这篇综述文章基于来源对蛋白质组学在UBC诊断、预后和治疗各方面的进展进行了批判性评估。
