Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
MIIT Key Laboratory of Complex-field Intelligent Exploration, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
Small Methods. 2023 Apr;7(4):e2201585. doi: 10.1002/smtd.202201585. Epub 2023 Feb 5.
In recent years, 2D materials-M X with different compositions and phases have attracted tremendous attention due to their diverse structures and electronic features. The common thermodynamically stable 2H and metastable 1T phases have been extensively studied, however, there are many unusual compositions and phases with novel physical properties that have yet to be explored. Therefore, summarization of the synthesis strategies, atomic structures, and the unique physical properties of 2D materials with different compositions and phases is very important for their development. In this review, the strategies including chemical vapor deposition, intercalation, atomic layer deposition, chemical vapor transport, and electrostatic gating for synthesizing various 2D materials with different phases and compositions are first summarized. Specially, the intercalation strategies including heterogeneous- and self-intercalation for controllable phases and compositions fabrication are mainly discussed. Then, the novel atomic structures of 2D materials are analyzed, followed by the fascinating physical properties including ferroelectricity, ferromagnetism, superconductivity, and so on. Finally, the conclusion and outlook are offered including the challenges and future prospects of 2D materials with different compositions and phases.
近年来，由于具有不同的结构和电子特性，2D 材料-MX 及其不同的组成和相引起了人们的极大关注。常见的热力学稳定的 2H 和亚稳的 1T 相已经得到了广泛的研究，然而，还有许多具有新颖物理性质的不寻常组成和相有待探索。因此，总结不同组成和相的 2D 材料的合成策略、原子结构和独特的物理性质对于它们的发展非常重要。在这篇综述中，首先总结了合成不同组成和相的各种 2D 材料的策略，包括化学气相沉积、插层、原子层沉积、化学气相输运和静电门控。特别地，主要讨论了用于可控相和组成制备的异质和自插层策略。然后，分析了 2D 材料的新颖原子结构，随后讨论了引人入胜的物理性质，包括铁电性、铁磁性、超导性等。最后，提供了结论和展望，包括不同组成和相的 2D 材料所面临的挑战和未来前景。
