Laqqan Mohammed M, Yassin Maged M
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine.
Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University "Graduate", Saarbrucken, Germany.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2023;58(1):53-60. doi: 10.1080/10934529.2023.2174326. Epub 2023 Feb 6.
This study was conducted to assess the impact of hubble-bubble smoking on global DNA methylation, DNA fragmentation; protamine deficiency of spermatozoa, and to determine whether the transcription levels of the and genes are different in hubble-bubble smokers compared to nonsmokers. Five hundred semen samples were collected from males with an average age of 32.2 ± 6.1 years (300 hubble-bubble smokers "60%" and 200 nonsmokers "40%"). The nucleic acid was isolated from purified sperm, then ELISA and qPCR were used to evaluate the global DNA methylation and transcription level of and , respectively. A significant elevation in global DNA methylation, protamine deficiency, and DNA fragmentation was found in hubble-bubble smokers compared to nonsmokers (P < 0.0001). A significant decline was shown in transcription levels of and genes in hubble-bubble compared to nonsmokers (P < 0.0001). Additionally, a down-regulation in the transcription levels of and was revealed in hubble-bubble compared to nonsmokers with fold change (0.0001 and 0.007, respectively). In conclusion, this study provided proof that hubble-bubble smoking has a negative impact on global DNA methylation, DNA fragmentation, protamine deficiency, and the transcription of and genes in spermatozoa, and these findings influence negatively males' fecundity.
本研究旨在评估水烟吸食对全球DNA甲基化、DNA片段化、精子鱼精蛋白缺乏的影响，并确定与不吸烟者相比，水烟吸食者中相关基因的转录水平是否存在差异。从平均年龄为32.2±6.1岁的男性中收集了500份精液样本（300名水烟吸食者“60%”和200名不吸烟者“40%”）。从纯化的精子中分离核酸，然后分别使用ELISA和qPCR评估全球DNA甲基化以及相关基因的转录水平。与不吸烟者相比，水烟吸食者的全球DNA甲基化、鱼精蛋白缺乏和DNA片段化显著升高（P<0.0001）。与不吸烟者相比，水烟吸食者中相关基因的转录水平显著下降（P<0.0001）。此外，与不吸烟者相比，水烟吸食者中相关基因转录水平下调，倍数变化分别为（0.0001和0.007）。总之，本研究证明水烟吸食对全球DNA甲基化、DNA片段化、鱼精蛋白缺乏以及精子中相关基因的转录有负面影响，这些发现对男性生育能力有负面影响。
