J Am Psychoanal Assoc. 2022 Dec;70(6):1111-1135. doi: 10.1177/00030651221138029.
Political violence has long been a focus of psychoanalytic writing. Jessica Benjamin's concepts of the complementarity, or twoness, and that of thirdness can serve as a point of departure allowing us to challenge the dichotomy between positions of revenge and forgiveness (on the victim's part) and positions of evil and remorse (on the perpetrator's), and to suggest a spectrum of encounters between victims and perpetrators that includes four types of interaction: (1) between the on the perpetrator's part, and the on the victim's; (2) between the perpetrator's , and the victim's (3) between the perpetrator's , and the victim's (4) between the on the perpetrator's part, and the on the victim's. A thorough analysis of various testimonies illustrates how these four positions manifest, with varying degrees of dominance, in every encounter (whether concrete or imagined) between victim and perpetrator.
政治暴力一直是精神分析写作的重点。杰西卡·本杰明（Jessica Benjamin）的互补性或双重性概念，以及第三性概念，可以作为一个起点，使我们能够挑战报复和宽恕（受害者一方）与邪恶和悔恨（加害者一方）立场之间的二分法，并提出一个包括四种互动类型的受害者和加害者之间的相遇范围：（1）加害者一方的 ，和受害者一方的 ；（2）加害者的 ，和受害者的 ；（3）加害者的 ，和受害者的 ；（4）加害者一方的 ，和受害者一方的 。对各种证词的深入分析表明，这四种立场在受害者和加害者之间的每一次相遇（无论是真实的还是想象的）中是如何表现出来的，而且具有不同程度的主导地位。
