Cui Mengdong, Zhan Taijie, Yang Jiamin, Dang Hangyu, Yang Guoliang, Han Hengxin, Liu Linfeng, Xu Yi
Institute of Biothermal Science & Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai200093, China.
Shanghai Co-innovation Center for Energy Therapy of Tumors, Shanghai200093, China.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2023 Mar 13;9(3):1151-1163. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01087. Epub 2023 Feb 6.
Cryopreservation is currently a key step in translational medicine that could provide new ideas for clinical applications in reproductive medicine, regenerative medicine, and cell therapy. With the advantages of a low concentration of cryoprotectant, fast cooling rate, and easy operation, droplet-based printing for vitrification has received wide attention in the field of cryopreservation. This review summarizes the droplet generation, vitrification, and warming method. Droplet generation techniques such as inkjet printing, microvalve printing, and acoustic printing have been applied in the field of cryopreservation. Droplet vitrification includes direct contact with liquid nitrogen vitrification and droplet solid surface vitrification. The limitations of droplet vitrification (liquid nitrogen contamination, droplet evaporation, gas film inhibition of heat transfer, frosting) and solutions are discussed. Furthermore, a comparison of the external physical field warming method with the conventional water bath method revealed that better applications can be achieved in automated rapid warming of microdroplets. The combination of droplet vitrification technology and external physical field warming technology is expected to enable high-throughput and automated cryopreservation, which has a promising future in biomedicine and regenerative medicine.
冷冻保存是目前转化医学中的关键步骤，可为生殖医学、再生医学和细胞治疗的临床应用提供新思路。基于液滴的玻璃化打印具有冷冻保护剂浓度低、冷却速度快和操作简便等优点，在冷冻保存领域受到广泛关注。本文综述了液滴生成、玻璃化和复温方法。喷墨打印、微阀打印和声打印等液滴生成技术已应用于冷冻保存领域。液滴玻璃化包括与液氮直接接触玻璃化和液滴固体表面玻璃化。讨论了液滴玻璃化的局限性（液氮污染、液滴蒸发、气膜抑制热传递、结霜）及解决方法。此外，将外部物理场复温方法与传统水浴方法进行比较，结果表明在微滴自动快速复温中可实现更好的应用。液滴玻璃化技术与外部物理场复温技术的结合有望实现高通量和自动化冷冻保存，在生物医学和再生医学领域具有广阔的应用前景。
